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Nutrition > Nutrition - Chapter 15 - Life Cycle Nutrition - Pregnancy Through Infancy > Flashcards

Nutrition - Chapter 15 - Life Cycle Nutrition - Pregnancy Through Infancy Flashcards

1
Q

A man’s diet and lifestyle do not affect the health of his sperm. T/F?

A

False - it does! Smoking and alcohol and such can decrease sperm production.

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2
Q

Women do/do not need to adopt a health lifestyle before conception.

A

DO NEED TO!

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3
Q

Women who could get pregnant need to have adequate levels of…

A

FOLIC ACID!

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4
Q

During the first trimester, the fertilized egg develops into a ___.

A

Fetus.

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5
Q

A full-term pregnancy is approximately ___ weeks long and divided into ___ trimesters.

A

40/3 trimesters.

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6
Q

The moment of ___ marks the first trimester.

A

Conception.

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7
Q

During the first few days, the fertilized egg travels down the ___ tube to emboded itself in the lining of the ____.

A

Fallopian/uterus.

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8
Q

After the 8th week of pregnancy, the developing embryo is called a fetus. T/F?

A

True!

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9
Q

A newly fertilized ovum is about the size of a period at the end of this sentence, and it’s called a ___.

A

Zygote.

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10
Q

Embryo - weeks ___ to 8.

A

3-8.

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11
Q

Fetus - __ weeks to ___.

A

8 weeks to birth.

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12
Q

Morning sickness - can happen any time of the day. T/F?

A

True!

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13
Q

Underweight Women (BMI less than 18.5) should gain ___ pounds during pregnancy.

A

28-40 pounds.

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14
Q

Healthy Weight Women (BMI 18.5-24.9) should gain ___ pounds during pregnancy.

A

25-35 pounds.

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15
Q

Overweight Women (BMI 25-29.9) should gain __ pounds during pregnancy.

A

15-25 pounds.

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16
Q

Obese Women (BMI > 30) should gain ___ pounds during pregnancy.

A

At least 15 pounds.

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17
Q

A pregnant woman needs certain vitamins and minerals in higher quantities. T/F?

A

True!

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18
Q

Vegans need to ensure __ ___ and Vitamin ___ needs are met.

A

Linolenic Acid and Vitamin B12

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19
Q

Pregnant women - use a ton of sugar substitutes. T/F?

A

False - use them in moderation!

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20
Q

Pregnancy increases the risk of food-bourne illnesses. T/F?

A

True!

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21
Q

Critical Periods - def

A

developmental stages which cells and tissue rapidly grow and differentiate to form body structures.

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22
Q

Pregnant women need ___ additional calories per day during the second trimester.

A

340.

23
Q

Gestational Diabetes - def

A

high blood glucose levels develop after about twentieth week of pregnancy.

24
Q

Macrosomia - def

A

large baby weighing more than 8lbs, 13 oz.

25
Q

Pregnancy-induced hypertension - def

A

includes gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia.

26
Q

Gestational Hypertension - def

A

high blood pressure develops about halfway through pregnancy.

27
Q

Preeclampsia - def

A

includes hypertension, severe edema, and protein in urine. Treatment = bed rest, etc.

28
Q

Eclampsia - def

A

can cause seizures in mother and is major cause of death of women during pregnancy.

29
Q

Eating frequent, small meals and a high-fiber diet can help with ___ and ___.

A

Heartburn and constipation.

30
Q

Lactation - prolactin produces…

A

milk in breast and oxytocin causes milk to be released (let-down.)

31
Q

Breast-feeding helps with…

A

pregnancy recovery.

32
Q

Breast-feeding protects against….

A

infections, allergies, chronic diseases, etc.

33
Q

Colostrum - fluid produced…

A

after birth that contains antibodies, protein, minerals, vitamin A.

34
Q

Breast-milk is high in …

A

lactose, fat, B Vitamins.

35
Q

Breast-milk - over half ___.

A

Fat.

36
Q

Breast-milk may help with ___ development.

A

Brain!

37
Q

During first 6 months, breast-feeding mother produces about ___ quart breast milk daily and a little over ___ quart/day in second 6 months.

A

3/4 for first 6 months.

1/2 for second 6 months.

38
Q

All women can breast-milk. T/F?

A

False - some women can’t, like those with HIV, active TB, etc.

39
Q

Infants with ___ shouldn’t be breast-fed.

A

Galactosemia (they can’t metabolize lactose.)

40
Q

Formula isn’t a good alternative to breast-milk. T/F?

A

False - it is a good alternative!

41
Q

Infants and eating - parents responsible for ___. Infants responsible for ___ and ___.

A

Parents - what food is offered.

Infants - when they eat and how much they eat.

42
Q

Infants - ___ weight by 6 months; ___ by 12 months.

A

Double/Triple.

43
Q

Failure to thrive (FTT) - delayed …

A

in physical growth or size or does not gain enough weight.

44
Q

Fat should be limited in infants. T/F?

A

False!

45
Q

Infants - need KID. T/F?

A

True - Potassium, Iron, Vitamin D.

46
Q

Solid foods may be introduced once certain milestones are met at…..

A

about 6 months.

47
Q

At 6 months, infant iron stores are depleted. T/F?

A

True!

48
Q

Introduce __ new food per week with kids.

A

one!

49
Q

Avoid common food allergens. T/F?

A

True!

50
Q

Food Allergy - def

A

an abnormal reaction by immune system to a particular food.

51
Q

Food Intolerance - def

A

an adverse reaction to a food that does not involve an immune response.

52
Q

Anaphylactic Reactions - def

A

life threatening reaction that causes constriction of airways in lungs which inhibit breathing.

53
Q

Infants should be put on weight loss diets. T/F?

A

FALSE - they should never be!

Nutrition (12 decks)

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