Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CNSC Exam > Nutrition and Specific Disease States > Flashcards

Nutrition and Specific Disease States Flashcards

1
Q

role of fiber in diabetes

A

slows down gastric emptying to reduce spike in blood sugar, reduces LDL and increases satiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Is fiber recommended in gastroparesis

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Probiotics mechanism of action

A

when probiotics reach the ileum/colon, endogenous bacteria consume and ferment pre biotics and produce short chain fatty acids which increases bacterial mass and enzyme activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Uses for probiotics

A

help reduce flatulence, bloating, abdominal pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the recommended fiber intake daily

A

20-35/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

detriments of too much protein

A

pre-renal azotemia, kidney stones, increased risk of osteoporosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

______ based sterols lower cholesterol absorption and are recommended as cholesterol lowering agents

A

soy based

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Are immune modulating enteral formulas with omega 3 fatty acids and antioxidants recommended for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome or Severe Acute Lung Injury?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which EN formulas should be considered for patients with traumatic brain injury

A

Formulas containing fish oil, arginine, omega 3 fatty acids with DHA (immune modulating)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What causes high creatinine loss

A

diarrhea, high output fistula or ostomy losses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which populations are immune modulating EN formulas appropriate for per ASPEN

A

SICU

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

an amino acid which functions in immune function, wound healing, synthesis of nitrous oxide and plays roles in respiratory and cardiac function

A

arginine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

hydroxy beta methylbutyrate (HMB) protein is shown to

A

increase lean muscle mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

HMB protein has been studied in which populations

A

AIDS, ALS and muscular dystrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

symptoms of fatty acid deficiency

A

scaly rash, color spots, alopeica, dull/easily plucked hair, xerosis, follicular hyperkeratosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Patients with liver cirrhosis are at risk for what deficiencies

A

fat soluble vitamins (ADEK) and thiamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the recommended modality of artificial nutrition for an open abdomen

A

EN, when the peritoneum is left open and the viscera are protected with a temporary dressing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what type of EN feeding tube is recommended for gastroparesis in the setting of postprandial nausea and vomiting

A

jejunostomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what mode of artificial nutrition is recommended in hyperemesis gravidarum

A

EN in conjunction with anti-emetic therapy

20
Q

what are 3 parameters for assessing EN efficacy in pregnancy

A

maternal dry weight gain, fetal growth, nitrogen balance

21
Q

what items should be labeled on an enteral product

A 
Patient Name
Product Name
Strength
Additives
Volume
Expiration Date and Time
22
Q

advantages of a ready to hang enteral formula

A

decreases risk of infection (less to handle)
longer hanging time
decreased RN time

23
Q

disadvantages of ready to hang EN formula

A

decreased individualization

could be accidentally be administered into IV tubing (sentinel event)

24
Q

what is the most likely source of EN formula contamination

A

organisms on the hands of healthcare workers

25
Q

what are 2 potential points of contamination of EN formulas

A

preparing and dispensing

26
Q

in order to ensure feeding tube patency flush the tube how often for continuous/intermittent feedings

A

every 4-6 hours

27
Q

in order to ensure feeding tube patency when giving medications flush ___ to ___mL of formula before/after each med using a ____ to ___mL syringe

A

15-30mL of water with a 50-60mL syringe

28
Q

why shouldn’t small syringes be used to flush tubes

A

may cause rupture from too much pressure

29
Q

if a fiber rich formula is being used, what is the recommended French size range

A

10-12 French

30
Q

advantages of an open enteral feeding system

A

can be more individualized with the volume

reduces waste

31
Q

what is the hang time for an open enteral feeding system

A

8-12 hours

32
Q

what are the disadvantages of an open enteral feeding system

A

uses bags
only 8-12 hour hang time
higher risk of contamination than RTH
requires additional RN time

33
Q

to minimize infections, enterally fed patients (open system) should have bags and tubing changed

A

every 24 hours

34
Q

in a closed system enteral feeding what is the hang time/how long can it last after being opened

A

48 hours

35
Q

what is the optimal storage temperature for EN formulas to prevent microbial growth and contamination

A

39 degrees F, 4 degrees C

36
Q

the most likely formula to become contaminate is

A

blenderized

37
Q

SIBO can cause

A

enteritis, marked diarrhea, abdominal cramps, hypoalbuminemia, protein catabolism, cachexia, fever, sepsis

38
Q

what are potential causes of SIBO

A

altered GI anatomy, Roux-en-Y bypass, ileal resection

39
Q

is PN in patients for chemo/radiation recommended for routine use per ASPEN

A

no, can cause infectious complications and no clinical improvement

40
Q

ASPEN recommends thorough assessment of a cancer patients _________ and only use PN when ___ and ____ for __ to __ days

A

nutrition status

malnourished AND unlikely to use gut in 7-14 days

41
Q

what is the preferred nutrition method for patients with cancer and a functional GI tract

A

enteral nutrition

42
Q

PN as a primary treatment for ulcerative colitis has shown _____ benefit

A

NO

43
Q

a patient with a high output ostomy of 3 liters, with an elevated BUN/Cr should have a treatment plan of while on PN

A

increased sodium fluids

44
Q

sodium loss from a high output fistula can be up to

A

100 mEq/L

45
Q

a high BUN:Cr ratio indicates

A

volume depletion

46
Q

patients with ____ and ____ disease are more prone altered protein metabolism due to decreased excretion of urea

A

hepatic/renal disease

47
Q

In a patient with elevated ammonia what is used for treatment and prevention

A

reduce total amino acids

restrict protein in refractory encephalopathy

CNSC Exam (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions