Nutrition

Question 1

Colostrum is produced over how many days of lactation

Answer 1

First 2 days

Question 2

Whey to casein ration in mature human milk

Answer 2

3:2

Question 3

Type of breastmilk that is watery and high in lactose and protein

Answer 3

Foremilk

Question 4

Type of breastmilk that is high in fat and creamy

Answer 4

Hind milk

Question 5

Mature milk can be seen during what day of lactation?

Answer 5

10-14 days

Question 6

Breast milk has more compared to human milk except

Answer 6

KID

Vitamin K
Iron
Vitamin D

Question 7

Definitive test for GERD

Answer 7

Esophageal pH probe

Question 8

GERD in infants peaks at what age and mostly resolve by what age

Answer 8

4 mos peak

Resolve by 12 months

Question 9

Management for intractable GERD

Answer 9

Fundoplication

Question 10

This micronutrient deficiency presents as vesiculobullous, eczematous, dry scaly or psoriasiform ledions in the perioral and perianal areas

Chronic diarrhea,stomatitis, glossitis, acrodermatitis enterohepatica

Answer 10

Zinc

Question 11

This micronutrient deficiency present as generalized scaly dermatitis, alopecia and thrombocytopenia

Answer 11

Essential fatty acids

Question 12

This micronutrient deficiency presents as alopecia with neurological symptoms

Answer 12

Biotin

Question 13

These vitamin deficiency may both present as follicular hyperkeratosis

Answer 13

Vitamin A and C

Question 14

Oval or triangular spot of keratinized epithelium in the conjunctiva in Vitamin A deficiency

Answer 14

Bitot spot

Question 15

This content of this vitamin in human milk depends on maternal sources

Answer 15

Vitamin D

Question 16

Disease of growing bones which occur in children only before fusion of epiphysis

Answer 16

Rickets

Question 17

Seen in rickets, widening of the costochondral junction

Answer 17

Rachitic rosary

Question 18

Seen in rickets, softening of the cranial bones

Answer 18

Craniotabes

Question 19

Seen in rickets, horizontal depression along the anterior chest due to pulling of the softened ribs by the diaphragm during inspiration

Answer 19

Harrison groove

Question 20

Seen in rickets, valgus deformity of 1 leg with varus deformity of the other leg

Answer 20

Windswept deformity

Question 21

This type of VKDB is seen during 1-14 days of age due to decreased stores at birth, poor transfer of vitamin K across placenta

Answer 21

Early VKDB

Question 22

This type of VKDB occurs at birth due to maternal medications like warfarin, phenobarbital and phenytoin

Answer 22

Third VKDB

Question 23

Seen in scurvy, costochondral junction and depression of the sternum

Answer 23

Scorbutic rosary

Question 24

Vitamin deficiency:
Bowlegs or knock knees
Caput quadratum, periostisl osteoid
Craniotabes
Ping pong ball sensation
Rachitic rosary, pigeon chest
Harrison groove

Answer 24

Vitamin D

Question 25

Vitamin deficiency: White line on end of shafts Scorbutic rosary

Answer 25

Vitamin C

Question 26

Vitamin deficiency: Pellagra Casal necklace Glove and boot lesions

Answer 26

Niacin

Question 27

Vitamin deficiency: | Perieche- angular cheilosis

Answer 27

B2

Question 28

``` Vitamin deficiency: Bitot spot Xerosis conjunctivae Hyperostosis Absence of metaphyseal changes ```

Answer 28

Vitamin A

Question 29

Deficiency in this trace element is associated with skin ulcers, reduced immunity and hypogonadal dwarfism

Answer 29

Zinc

Question 30

Irritability, pruritus, painful extremities with brawny swelling, coarse hair, dry skin, seborrhea and increased intracranial pressure occurs in this hypervitaminosis

Answer 30

A

Question 31

Most common vitamin deficiency associated with a corn based diet

Answer 31

Niacin

Question 32

In children with malnutrition, the most seriously compromised immunologic function is

Answer 32

Antibody production

Question 33

Greatest risk of undernutrition occurs during

Answer 33

The 1st 1000 days (0-24 months)

Question 34

Term for compensation in severe acute malnutrition

Answer 34

Reductive adaptation

Question 35

Diagnosis of severe acute malnutrition can be done when weight for length is below -3SD or for children 6-59 months if the midupper arm circumference is

Answer 35

<115 mm

Question 36

Hallmark of refeeding syndrome

Answer 36

Hypophosphatemia

Question 37

Obesity occurs most frequently in these ages

Answer 37

1 year old 5-6 years old Adolescence

Question 38

Rare complication of extreme exogenous obesity in which patients have severe cardio respiratory distress, polycythemia, hypoxemia, cyanosis, CHF, somnolence

Answer 38

Pickwickian syndrome

Question 39

Pickwickian syndrome is usually seen in what genetic disease?

Answer 39

Prader Willi

Question 40

Goal of treatment in obesity

Answer 40

Weight maintenance Weight loss for skeletally mature