Nephro

Question 1

False positive hematuria occurs in what urine pH?

Answer 1

Alkaline

Question 2

What type of crystals can form in an acidic urine?

Answer 2

Uric acid

Question 3

What type of crystals can form in an alkaline urine?

Answer 3

Phosphate

Question 4

Nephrotic syndrome

PALE

Answer 4

Proteinuria
Albumin low
Lipids high
Edema

Question 5

Most common cause of gross hematuria in the pediatric population

Answer 5

UTI

Question 6

Documentation of prior streptococcal infection in the throat

Answer 6

ASO titer

Question 7

Documentation of prior streptococcal infection in the skin

Answer 7

Antideoxyribonuclease B

Question 8

Levels of what complement will decrease in PSGN

Answer 8

C3

Question 9

C3 levels in PSGN will normalize after how many weeks

Answer 9

6-8 weeks

Question 10

Phases of APSGN

Answer 10

Oliguric
Diuretic
Convalescent

Question 11

What major noxious products of complement activation are produced after C3 activation

Answer 11

Anaphylatoxin

C5a

Question 12

Best single antibody titer to document skin infection

Answer 12

DNAse B antigen

Question 13

Causes of renal insufficiency that cause decreased C3

Answer 13

Pag wala na C3 sa jollibee, maglalakad ka na nag li-LIMPS

PSGN
MPGN
Lupus Nephritis
Infective endocarditis 
Shunt nephritis

Question 14

Patient presents with hematuria, HTN, and signs of renal insufficiency:

History of hemoptysis and severe respiratory distress

Answer 14

Goodpasture

Question 15

Patient presents with hematuria, HTN, and signs of renal insufficiency:

3 weeks ago with SVI
Purpuric rash most prominent at the buttocks
Pain in joints

Answer 15

Henoch Schonlein

Question 16

Patient presents with hematuria, HTN, and signs of renal insufficiency:

History of vomiting and bloody diarrhea and fever and eating hamburger
Hepatosplenomegaly

Answer 16

HUS

Question 17

Sudden onset of gross hematuria

Febrile with URTI or GIT infection
Normal C3

Answer 17

IgA nephropathy ( Berger)

Question 18

Asymptomatic microscopic hematuria during yearly check up

Wears thick glasses and hearing aid
Has uncles with same condition

Answer 18

Alport syndrome

Question 19

Pathognomonic in Alport syndrome

Answer 19

Anterior lenticonus

Question 20

Also called benign familial hematuria

Answer 20

Thin basement membrane disease

Question 21

Treatment for minimal change disease

Answer 21

Corticosteroid therapy

Question 22

Major complication of nephrotic syndrome

Answer 22

Infection

Question 23

Most frequent type of infection in nephrotic syndrome

Answer 23

Bacterial peritonitis

Question 24

Most common organism causing peritonitis

Answer 24

Pneumococcus

Question 25

Site of pathology in MPGN

Answer 25

Subendothelial

Question 26

Diffuse thickening of glomerular capillary walls Granular IgG and C3 Subepithelial deposits of electron dense material Spike and dome appearance

Answer 26

Membranous GN

Question 27

Diffuse effacement of epithelial foot processes, no deposits

Answer 27

Minimal change

Question 28

Large hypercellular glomeruli Increased mesangial matrix Double contour or tram track appearance

Answer 28

Membranoproliferative GN

Question 29

Focal segmental sclerosis and hyalinosis | Loss of foot processes, epithelial denudation

Answer 29

FSGS

Question 30

Most common causes of UTI in children

Answer 30

E coli Klebsiella Proteus

Question 31

Most common serious bacterial infection in younger than 24 months

Answer 31

Pyelonephritis

Question 32

Most specific test for UTI

Answer 32

Nitrite test 98%

Question 33

Most sensitive test for UTI

Answer 33

Leukocyte esterase, nitrite or microscopy positive

Question 34

Acute cystitis treatment

Answer 34

TMP SMX

Question 35

Treatment for pyelonephritis

Answer 35

Ceftriaxone Cefotaxime Ampi genta

Question 36

One of the most common cause of renal failure in young children

Answer 36

HUS

Question 37

Symptoms of HUS RAT

Answer 37

Renal failure Anemia Thrombocytopenia

Question 38

Seen in PBS of patients with HUS

Answer 38

Schistocytes Helmet cells Burr cells

Question 39

Treatment for HUS

Answer 39

Supportive