Nutrition

Question 1

Carbohydrates

Answer 1

Used for short term energy, found in breads, pasta, cereal, and grains.

Question 2

Proteins

Answer 2

Controls cell activities, enzymes, and found in fish, eggs, and poultry.

Question 3

Lipids

Answer 3

Stores long term energy, found in butter and oil.

Question 4

Vitamins

Answer 4

Organic substances used in metabolic functioning, like vitamins A, B and C.

Question 5

Minerals

Answer 5

Inorganic substances that help make body structures, like calcium, phosphorus, and iron.

Question 6

Water

Answer 6

Transports substances, makes up 2/3 of body.

Question 7

When is energy released?

Answer 7

Carbs, proteins, fats are broken down.

Question 8

How is the energy found in food determined?

Answer 8

By burning a sample of the food and measuring the amount of heat given off.

Question 9

Calorie

Answer 9

Unit used in measuring energy content of food.

Question 10

Calorimeter

Answer 10

Instrument used to measure energy content of food sample

Question 11

Kilocalorie

Answer 11

Thousand calories

Question 12

Calorie definition

Answer 12

Amount of heat needed to raise one gram of water one degree C

Question 13

How many KCal does a gram of carbohydrates and a gram of protein give off?

Answer 13

4

Question 14

How many KCal does one gram of fat give off?

Answer 14

9

Question 15

Nutrients

Answer 15

Necessary for growth, energy, repair, and maintenance

Question 16

Autotroph

Answer 16

Make their own food

Question 17

How do plants eat?

Answer 17

They are autotrophic thru the process of photosynthesis

Question 18

Photosynthesis equation

Answer 18

6CO2 + 6H2O –> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Light

Question 19

How does photosynthesis work?

Answer 19

It uses energy from the sun to convert water and CO2 into sugar and oxygen

Question 20

How do plants capture light energy?

Answer 20

Chlorophyll

Question 21

Chlorophyll

Answer 21

Main pigment in plant

Question 22

Pigment

Answer 22

A substance that absorbs specific wavelengths of light, or colors, and reflects other colors

Question 23

What colors does chlorophyll absorb?

Answer 23

It absorbs light well in the red and blue but not in the green region, which is why plants are green

Question 24

Chloroplast

Answer 24

Organlle contained in the leaves and green stems of plants in which photosynthesis occurs

Question 25

Where is chlorophyll found?

Answer 25

Chloroplast

Question 26

Thylakoids

Answer 26

Saclike membranes in chloroplast

Question 27

How are thylakoids arranged?

Answer 27

In stacks called grana

Question 28

Stroma

Answer 28

Watery area outside of the thylakoids

Question 29

Two stages of photosynthesis

Answer 29

Light dependent reactions and light independent reaction

Question 30

Light dependent reactions

Answer 30

Light + H2O-->O2+ NADPH + ATP

Question 31

Purpose of light dependent reactions

Answer 31

Capture energy from light and form molecules to hold the energy

Question 32

Where does light dependent reactions take place?

Answer 32

Takes place within the thylakoids

Question 33

What absorbs the light in the light dependent reactions?

Answer 33

Chlorophyll

Question 34

What happens to the energy from the light in light dependent reactions?

Answer 34

It is transferred to electrons, which are transferred to energy storage molecules-NADPH and ATP

Question 35

NADPH

Answer 35

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

Question 36

ATP

Answer 36

Adenosine triphospate

Question 37

In the light dependent reactions, what is the oxygen?

Answer 37

Released as a waste product

Question 38

What happens to the water in the light dependent reactions?

Answer 38

It is broken down and the electrons replace the electrons from chlorophyll that got energized.

Question 39

Light independent reaction

Answer 39

CO2+ATP+NADPH--->glucose

Question 40

Another name for Light independent reaction

Answer 40

Calvin cycle/carbon fixation

Question 41

In Light independent reaction, what are ATP and NADPH used to build? Why?

Answer 41

High energy compounds like glucose that can be stored for a long time bc they are not stable to store energy

Question 42

Where does the Light independent reaction take place?

Answer 42

The stroma of chloroplasts

Question 43

What happens in the Light independent reaction to the energy storing molecules?

Answer 43

ATP and NADPH are broken down, and the energy from those molecules is used to build a glucose molecule.

Question 44

What happens to the glucose of the light independent reaction?

Answer 44

Used immediately as an energy source thru digestion or built up to form starch-long term storage.

Question 45

Digestion

Answer 45

Changing food into a usable form by breaking bonds

Question 46

Absorption

Answer 46

Nutrient molecules pass through cell membrane in order to be used by the cells of an organism

Question 47

Intracellular

Answer 47

Takes place in the cell

Question 48

Herbivores

Answer 48

Animals that eat only plants like cows or rabbits

Question 49

Carnivores

Answer 49

Animals that eat meat, like a wolf

Question 50

What happens in the light independent reaction to CO2?

Answer 50

CO2 is taken in from the air and combined w other carbon compounds already found in the stroma.