nueroanatomy Flashcards
glial cells of CNS
oligodendrocytes astrocytes mcroglia ependymal cells radial glia
glial cells of PNS
neurolemmocytes (schwann) cells
satellite cells
enteric glia cellls
grey matter
cell bodies, soma
surface of cerebral hemisphere
brrainstem nuclei
centre of the spinal cord
white matter
cell processes, axons (myelinated)
corpus callosum
internal capsule
the skull
anterior cranial fossa - frontal lobes
middle cranial fossa - temporal lobes
posterior cranial fossa - brainstem and cerebellum
foramen magnum
medulla becomes spinal cord
other foramen oresent for cranial nerves
cranial meninges
hold and protect CNS
dura mater
tough, fibrous membranes
falx cerebri, tentorium cerebelli - that adheres to the skull, contains folds which seperate the lobes of the brain
arachnoid mater
soft, translucent, full of veins
tentorium cerebelli
divides cerebrum from cerebellum
subarachnoid space
contains cerebral spinal fluid produced from the choroid plexus
pia mater
microscopically small and highly vascular
against the brain
falx cerebri
devides cerebral hemispheres
superficial veins
in subarachnoid space
deep veins
drain the internal structures of the forebrain
the ventricular system
a set of interconnected spaces/cavities that circulate cerebrospinal fluid
CSF is made by
choroid plexus
choroid plexus is found in
lateral, 3rd and 4th ventricles
CSF flow pathway
chorooid plexus > lateral ventricle > intravenricular formane > 3rd venrticle > cerebral aqeduct > 4th ventricle > CSF leaves via 2 lateral and 1 median aperture of 4th ventricle and enter subarachnoid space
hydrocephalus
an obstruction of CSF within the ventricular system
- communicating (nonobstructive) impaired csf reabsorption w/o obstruction of CSF flow betweeen the ventricles and subarachnoid space
- non communicating (obstructuve) obstruction of CSF
2 types of hydrocephalus
communicating and non communicating
non communicating hydrocephalus
obstructive obstruction off CSF
chiari malformation - downward displacement of cerebellum through foramen magnum
brain is supplied by 2 pairs of vessels
internal carotid arteries and vertebral arteries
carotid arteries
give rise to many branches
terminate into the anterior and middle cerebral arteries
vertebral arteries converge at
the medulla/pons to create the basiillar artery
the basillar artery
gives rise to several arteries before it terminates into the superior cerebellar arteries and posterior cerebral arteries
cerebral aterial circle also called
circle of willis
