Nucleotide Stuff- Watt Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between adenine and guanine?

A

Adenine has an amino group

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2
Q

What is a nucleoside and a nucleotide?

A

Nucleoside is base and sugar

Nucleotide is phosphorlyated nucleoside

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3
Q

If you have a five member ring in a synthesis, what are you making?

A

Purine

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4
Q

If you are building on top of a ribose-P, what are you making?

A

Purine

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5
Q

If you are utilizing IMP, what are you making?

A

Purine

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6
Q

If you are using IMP, and you want to make AMP, what is the nitrogen donor?

A

Aspartate

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7
Q

If you are using IMP and you want to make GMP, what is the nitrogen donor?

A

Glutamine

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8
Q

If you have no energy, can you continue making adenine and guanine?

A

No

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9
Q

For the most part, how is the biosynthesis of adenine and guanine regulated?

A

Negative Feedback

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10
Q

What are the enzymes that are being inhibited by negative feedback?

A

adenosuccinate synthase - AMP inhibits
IMP dehydrogenase - GMP inhibits
glutamine PRPP aminotransferase- IMP, GMP, AMP inhibit
PRPP synthase- ADP inhibits

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11
Q

If there is a six member ring, and the products are UMP, CTP, and UTP, what is it making?

A

Pyrimidine

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12
Q

What does ribonuclotide reductase do?

A

It is a dimer with an active pocket to make CDP and UDP to dTMP

uses radicals
has Fe sites

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13
Q

What does Aspartate Trans Carbamoylase (ATCase) do?

A

Combines aspartate and carbamoyl-P in pyrimidines synthesis. It is accelerated by ATP and inactivated by its product.

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14
Q

What does tetrahydrofolate (THF) do and why is it significant?

A

It is a target for cancer treament.

It is used in thymine synthesis

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15
Q

What is an antimetabolite?

A

Inhibitor of folic acid production

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16
Q

Fluoro uracil and methotrexate are related because….

A

They inhibit production of folic acid

17
Q

What is the difference between competitive and suicide inhibitor?

A

suicide will bind and kills enzyme

competitive will slow down an enzyme

18
Q

Why are there multiple pathways to ribonucleotide reductase pathways?

A

so that if one gets shut down then it wont kill you

19
Q

Where do you excrete uric acid?

A

kidneys

20
Q

What is the salvage pathway?

A

Recycles damaged nucleotides

21
Q

What is the difference between catabolism of purines and pyrimidines?

A

purines- breaks down into nitrogen groups for urea cycle, sugar, and base

pyrimidines- breaks down into carbon skeleton (succinyl-CoA) for citric acid cycle; release nitrogens to urea cycle

22
Q

Lesch-Nyhand Syndrom results from a problem with which degredation pathway?

A

purine

23
Q

Orotic Aciduria results from a problem with which degredation pathway?

A

pyrimidines