Blood- Novak Flashcards
What is the function of blood?
Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide, regulation, protection
What is the composition percentages?
55% plasma, less than 1% buffy coat
hematocrit depends on sex
males- 40-54%
females- 37-47%
What makes up plasma?
92% water, 7% plasma proteins, 1% other solutes
What are the percentages of plasma proteins?
60% albumin, 35% globulins, 4% fibrinogen, 1% regulatory proteins
What does albumin do?
transports fatty acids, thyroid, and steroid horomones
What does globulin do?
immunoglobulins
transport globulins- hormone and lipoprotein steroid binding
What does fibrinogen do?
forms fibrin for clotting
Name some regulatory proteins
FSH, LH, insulin, prolactin TSH
Describe RBCs
no nucleus or organelles biconcave flexible 4 globulin/heme/Fe complex 2 alpha, 2beta subunits
For one microliter of blood, what is the number of RBCs for men and women?
females- 4.2-5.5 million
males- 4.5-6.3 million
Explain the life cycle of an RBC
made in the bone marrow (erythropoesis)
circulates in the blood form 120 days
aged RBCs filters and eliminated in the spleen Rand liver (NOT kidneys)
heme recycled or turned into biliverdin
RBC membrane proteins and globulin recycled into aa
What is hemoglobinuria?
excess hemolysis
What is hematuria?
RBCs in the urine due to kidney or tissue damage
What is polycythemia?
too many RBCs
What is anemia?
not enough RBCs
Explain the making of an RBC from an hematocytoblast
Hematocytoblast to myeloid stem cell, to proerythroblast, nucleus leaves to make reticulocyte (leaves bone marrow at this point), then RBC
With respect to the types A, B, AB, O, what are the antigens and antibodies for each?
A- antigen A, antibody B
B- antigen B, antibody A
AB- antigen A and B, no antibodies
O- no antigen, both A and B antibodies
What is the universal donor?
O
What is the universal recipient?
AB
What is special about Rh negative blood?
Don’t develop antibodies until exposed to Rh+ blood
What are the functions of WBCs?
initiate immune response, defend against pathogens, remove toxins and waste, and attack abnormal cells
What are the percentages of WBC types?
Neutrophils- 50-70% Eosinophils- 2-4% Basophils- less than 1% Monocytes- 2-8% Lymphocytes- 20-30%
Describe Neutrophils
Granulocyte
First responder
Phagocytizes
Has multilobed nucleus
Describe Eosinophils
Granulocyte
Destroys parasites
RED
Bilobed
