Histology- Reynolds Flashcards

1
Q

What is the common stain?

A

H and E

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2
Q

Where does epithelial tissue stem from?

A

All three germ layers

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3
Q

What are some unique features of epithelial tissue?

A
Avascular
Single or multi layers
polyhedral
unicellular
seperated by BM
undergo regular turnover
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4
Q

What is the basement membrane?

A

Two layers of CT
Filters and separates the epithelium from other CT
Controls cell growth, metabolism, and differientiation
Has mostly type 4 and 7 collagen

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5
Q

Where is epithelium located?

A

covers body surfaces, lines internal cavities, lihnes ducts

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6
Q

What does epithelium do?

A

BARRIER!

protects, absorbs, secretes, transports, contracts, filters, sensory

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7
Q

How do you name epithelium?

A

By shape, layers, and surface modification

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8
Q

What are the type of surface modifications?

A

microvili, stereocilia, cilia

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9
Q

What are the types of secretion?

A

merocrine: vescicles
holocrine: product accumulates and released by apoptosis
apocrine: product released along with a portion of the cytoplasm

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10
Q

How do you name glands?

A

Based on branching and shape (tubular and alveolar)

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11
Q

Name where you would find:

Simple Squamous

A

endothelium

alveoli

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12
Q

Name where you would find:

Simple Cuboidal

A

glands and ducts

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13
Q

Name where you would find:

Simple columnar

A

lining of the stomach

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14
Q

Name where you would find:

Psudeostratified Cilicated Columnar

A

respiratory tract

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15
Q

Name where you would find:

Stratified squamous

A

skin, surface of skin, orfices

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16
Q

Name where you would find:

Stratified columnar

A

small areas of pharynx, epiglottis, anus, mammary glands, salivary ducts, urethra

17
Q

Name where you would find:

Stratified cuboidal

A

some ducts

18
Q

What is collagen?

A

flexible, but tough

made of tropocollagen (triple helix with repeating pattern)

19
Q

What are the four types of collagen used for?

A
  1. mechanical support
  2. hyaliine cartilage
  3. reticulin (mesh pattern)
  4. and 7. main in BM
20
Q

What is elastin?

A

allows stretching and distension

produced by fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells

21
Q

What is ground substance?

A

viscous, clear slippery
high water content
allows diffusion of nutrients and waste, lubricant, barrier
has lots of proteoglycans

22
Q

What does loose areolar CT contain?

A

slender bundles of collagen, elastin, fibroblasts, macrophages, and fat

23
Q

What is the difference between dense CT and loose CT?

A

dense has many more fibers

24
Q

What is the difference between regular dense CT and irregular dense CT?

A

regular is in an organized fashion

irregular is unorganized with fibers going in every other way

25
What is adipose and its function?
fat it cushions, insulates, stores energy, water is also a endocrine tissue
26
What is the difference between white and brown adipose tissue?
white is highly vascular | brown is hibernating fat with lots of blood vessels and mitochondria
27
What are the functions of blood and what does it contain?
It contains plasma, WBC, platelets, RBCs it transports, thermoregulates, defends, and maintains
28
Which WBC are granulocytes, what are their percentages, and what is special about them?
neutrophils -40-70% first defense, multi lobed eosinophils- 1-4% higher in allergic reactions, divided lobed basophils- less than 1% BLUE, in allergic reaction
29
Which WBC are agranulocytes, what are their percentages, and what is special about them?
monocytes- 2-8% "wanderer," nucleus takes up a lot of the cell and is jelly bean shape lymphocytes- 20-50% three types: NK(kills virus-infected cells), T (matured in the thyroid), B (matured in the bone marrow)