Histology- Reynolds Flashcards
What is the common stain?
H and E
Where does epithelial tissue stem from?
All three germ layers
What are some unique features of epithelial tissue?
Avascular Single or multi layers polyhedral unicellular seperated by BM undergo regular turnover
What is the basement membrane?
Two layers of CT
Filters and separates the epithelium from other CT
Controls cell growth, metabolism, and differientiation
Has mostly type 4 and 7 collagen
Where is epithelium located?
covers body surfaces, lines internal cavities, lihnes ducts
What does epithelium do?
BARRIER!
protects, absorbs, secretes, transports, contracts, filters, sensory
How do you name epithelium?
By shape, layers, and surface modification
What are the type of surface modifications?
microvili, stereocilia, cilia
What are the types of secretion?
merocrine: vescicles
holocrine: product accumulates and released by apoptosis
apocrine: product released along with a portion of the cytoplasm
How do you name glands?
Based on branching and shape (tubular and alveolar)
Name where you would find:
Simple Squamous
endothelium
alveoli
Name where you would find:
Simple Cuboidal
glands and ducts
Name where you would find:
Simple columnar
lining of the stomach
Name where you would find:
Psudeostratified Cilicated Columnar
respiratory tract
Name where you would find:
Stratified squamous
skin, surface of skin, orfices
Name where you would find:
Stratified columnar
small areas of pharynx, epiglottis, anus, mammary glands, salivary ducts, urethra
Name where you would find:
Stratified cuboidal
some ducts
What is collagen?
flexible, but tough
made of tropocollagen (triple helix with repeating pattern)
What are the four types of collagen used for?
- mechanical support
- hyaliine cartilage
- reticulin (mesh pattern)
- and 7. main in BM
What is elastin?
allows stretching and distension
produced by fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells
What is ground substance?
viscous, clear slippery
high water content
allows diffusion of nutrients and waste, lubricant, barrier
has lots of proteoglycans
What does loose areolar CT contain?
slender bundles of collagen, elastin, fibroblasts, macrophages, and fat
What is the difference between dense CT and loose CT?
dense has many more fibers
What is the difference between regular dense CT and irregular dense CT?
regular is in an organized fashion
irregular is unorganized with fibers going in every other way
What is adipose and its function?
fat
it cushions, insulates, stores energy, water
is also a endocrine tissue
What is the difference between white and brown adipose tissue?
white is highly vascular
brown is hibernating fat with lots of blood vessels and mitochondria
What are the functions of blood and what does it contain?
It contains plasma, WBC, platelets, RBCs
it transports, thermoregulates, defends, and maintains
Which WBC are granulocytes, what are their percentages, and what is special about them?
neutrophils -40-70% first defense, multi lobed
eosinophils- 1-4% higher in allergic reactions, divided lobed
basophils- less than 1% BLUE, in allergic reaction
Which WBC are agranulocytes, what are their percentages, and what is special about them?
monocytes- 2-8% “wanderer,” nucleus takes up a lot of the cell and is jelly bean shape
lymphocytes- 20-50% three types: NK(kills virus-infected cells), T (matured in the thyroid), B (matured in the bone marrow)
