Integumentary System- Novak Flashcards
What are the layers of the integument?
epidermis and dermis; hypodermis is not apart of the integument
What are the function of the integument?
protection, prevents water loss, temperature regulation, metabolic regulation, immune defense, sensory receptors, excretion by means of secretion
What are the layers of the epidermis from superficial to deep?
stratum- corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale
“can loud girls sing bass?”
keratinocytes
mostly the entire epidermis
epidermal dendritic cells
macrophages
merkel’s cells (tactile cells)
gathers sensory information
melanocytes
secretes melanin
helps with protection against UV rays
What is hemanginoma?
“port wine stain”
blood vessel tumor (benign)
What is vitiligo?
depigmentation
melanocytes start to die or fail to make melanin
What is albinism?
non-functional melanocytes
congenital disorder, danger of sunburn
What are the two layers of the dermis?
papillary and reticular
has many accessory organs: hair follicle, nerves, blood vessels, arrector muscle
What are cleavage lines?
the orientation and direction of collagen bundles
What are the functions of the hypodermis?
anchors skin, thermal insulation, energy reservoir
What is the structure of hypodermis?
areolar loose CT and adipose tissue
What are nails?
scale-like modifications of epidermis
What are the functions of hair?
protection, sensory, reduces heat loss
What are the three types of hair?
lanugo- fetal or premature hair
vellus- covers the entire body; very fine
terminal- thicker hair on the head, pubic, facial, and axillary
What are the exocrine glands in the integument?
sebaceous- oil glands
sudoriferous- watery “sweat” merocrine(numerous) and apocrine(viscous)
What is acne vulgaris?
blocked sebaceous glands
Explain the types of burns
First degree- damage to the epidermis
Second degree- damage to the epidermis and part of the dermis
Third degree- damage to both layers and then some
What is basal cell carcinoma?
most common
least dangerous
originates in the stratum basale
What is squamous cell carcinoma?
cancer in the keratinocytes
What is malignant melanoma?
most deadly
early detection is crucial
from melanocytes
