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Biochemistry > Nucleotide metabolism (- Pathways) > Flashcards

Nucleotide metabolism (- Pathways) Flashcards

1
Q

Nucleotide

A

Base + Pentose + Mono-/di-/triphosphate

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2
Q

Nucleoside

A

Base + Pentose

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3
Q

Bond Type

A

N-glycosidic bond

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4
Q

Bond type

A

(Phosphate) Ester bond

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5
Q

Examples of Pentose groups in nucleosides

A
  • Ribose
  • (2-)deoxy-ribose
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6
Q

Give the Purine bases

A
  • Adenine
  • Guanine
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7
Q

Give the Pyrimidine bases

A
  • Cytosine
  • Thymine
  • Uracil
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8
Q

Uracil binds only to…

A

Ribose

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9
Q

Thymine binds only to…

A

Deoxyribose

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10
Q

Cytosine binds only to…

A

Ribose or Deoxyribose

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11
Q

Examples of purine nucleosides

A
  • Adenosine
  • Guanosine
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12
Q

Examples of Pyrimidine nucleosides

A
  • Uridine
  • Cytidine
  • Deoxythymidine
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13
Q

Name the process

A

Purine Synthesis (De novo)

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14
Q

Compound A

  • Name
  • Structure
A

Glucose

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15
Q

Compound F

  • Name
  • Structure
A

Inosine monophosphate

(IMP)

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16
Q

Compound J<span>2</span>

  • Name
A

Adenosine triphosphate

(ATP)

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17
Q

Which reaction produces this structure?

A

HCO3- → H2O

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18
Q

Which reaction produces this structure?

A

Aspartate → Fumarate

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19
Q

Which reaction produces these structures?

A

N10-formyl-FH4 → FH4

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20
Q

Which reaction produces this structure?

A

Glutamine → Glutamate

21
Q

Which reaction produces this structure?

A

Glycine →

22
Q

What is shown in this process?

A

Degradation of a purine nucleotide: AMP

23
Q

Compound A

  • Name
  • Structure
A

Adenosine monophosphate

(AMP)

24
Q

Compound G

  • Name
  • Structure
A

Allantoine

25
Q

What is shown in this process?

A

Degradation of a purine nucleotide: GMP

26
Q

Compound A

  • Name
  • Structure
A

Guanosine monophosphate

(GMP)

27
Q

Compound F

  • Name
  • Structure
A

Allantoine

28
Q

De novo synthesis and nucleotide degradation occurs in the…

A

Cytosol

29
Q

Uric acid → Allantoine reaction occurs in the…

A

Liver

30
Q

Allantoin is excreted in the…

A

Urine

31
Q

Which drug can be used to treat gout/uricosis?

How does it work?

A

Allopurinol

Competitive inhibition of Xanthine oxidase

32
Q

Uric acid transport occurs by which 2 processes?

A
  • Fast transport (80%)
  • Slow transport (20%)
33
Q

Cause of urate kidney stones in Dalmatians

A
  • Fast transport gene of uric acid mutated
  • Uricase active but no uric acid uptake
  • Excretion: mostly uric acid, some allantoin
  • Uric acid precipitated in the kidney
34
Q

What is shown in this process?

A

Pyrimidine synthesis

35
Q

Compound A

  • Name
A

HCO3-

36
Q

Compound K

  • Name
  • Structure
A

Cytidine triphosphate

(CTP)

37
Q

How many ATP are needed for pyrimidine synthesis?

A

7

38
Q

What is shown in this process?

A

Degradation of pyrimidine nucleotides

39
Q

Compound A

  • Name
A

CMP

40
Q

Compound I

  • Name
A

HS-CoA

41
Q

Resynthesis of nucleotides: For each nucleotide

A
42
Q

Resynthesis of nucleotides: For purine nucleotides: Adenine

A
43
Q

Resynthesis of nucleotides: For purine nucleotides in eukaryotes

A
44
Q

Resynthesis of nucleotides: For purine nucleotides in prokaryotes

A
45
Q

What is shown in this process?

A

Synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides

46
Q

Compound A

  • Name
A
  • ADP
  • GDP
  • CDP
  • UDP
47
Q

Compound G

  • Name
A

dTTP

48
Q

Nucleoside phosphorylase hosts which process?

A

Deoxyribonucleoside releases Deoxyribose-1-P

49
Q

During the degradation of deoxyribonucleotides, what is produced instead of β-alanine?

A

β-amino-isobutyrate

Biochemistry (21 decks)

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