Nucleophile substitution reaction with cyanide ions

Question 1

What condition does the reaction have to be under in a hydroxide ion nucleophile substitution

Answer 1

Warm ethanolic potassium cyanide(source of CN- ions)

carried out under reflux (Reflux involves heating the chemical reaction for a specific amount of time, while continually cooling the vapour produced back into liquid form, using a condenser)

Question 2

What happens when the C-X (carbon halogen)bond is broken in a cyanide ion nucleophile substitution

Answer 2

Both electrons are transported to the halogen which forms a halide ion

A NEW BOND IS FORMED BETWEEN carbon and cyanide ion

Question 3

What type of organic compound / functional group is made in a cyanide ion nucleophile substitution

Answer 3

nitrile (functional group CN