Electrophilic addition

Question 1

Electrophilic addition is the addition of an

Answer 1

electrophile to a double bond

Question 2

What happens to the bond after the electrophile attacks

Answer 2

The C=C double bond is broken, and a new single bond is formed from each of the two carbon atoms

Question 3

Electrophilic addition reactions include the addition of:

Answer 3

Steam (H2O (g))
Hydrogen halide (HX)
Halogen

Question 4

The double bond in alkenes is an area of high electron density (there are four electrons found in this double bond)
This makes the double bond susceptible to attack by

Answer 4

electrophiles (electron-loving species)
An electrophilic addition is the addition of an electrophile to a double bond

Question 5

Electrophilic addition of hydrogen bromide

A molecule of hydrogen bromide (HBr) is polar as the hydrogen and bromine atoms have different electronegativities

The bromine atom has a stronger pull on the electrons in the H-Br bond

As a result of this, the Br atom has a partial ……………and the H atom a partial ……….charge

Answer 5

negative

positive

Question 6

In an addition reaction, the H atom acts as an electrophile and accepts

Answer 6

a pair of electrons from the C=C bond in the alkene

Question 7

After hydrogen attacks the double bond what happens to bromine

Answer 7

The H-Br bond breaks heterolytically, forming a Br- ion

Question 8

After the hydrogen has attacked double bond and bromine ion has been made

leads to the formation of a

Answer 8

carbocation intermediate which reacts with the Br- (nucleophile)