Nucleic acids Flashcards
What does ATP stand for
Adenosine triphosphate
What nuclear base(s) does ATP contain
Adenine
What is an endergonic reaction
A reaction requiring energy
ADP + Pi -> ATP
What is an exergonic reaction
A reaction releasing energy
ATP + H2O -> ADP + Pi
How much energy does 1 mole of ATP release when hydrolysed
30.6 KJ
What is phosphorylation
Adding phosphate to ADP to make ATP
Why is ATP a better energy source than glucose
ATP is broken down in 1 reaction, glucose takes many
ATP releases small amounts of energy as needed
ATP needs 1 enzyme to reaction break it down whereas glucose needs multiple
ATP is a common energy source making it more efficient for many reactions
What is creatine phosphate
An energy-rich compound found in skeletal muscle cells. When broken down, it releases lots of ATP very quickly
What are the main differences between DNA and RNA
DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, RNA contains ribose sugar
DNA contains CGTA bases, RNA contains CGUA bases
DNA has two strands, RNA has one
DNA is much longer than RNA
Where is mDNA inherited from in humans
Our mothers
Which are the purine bases
Adenine and guanine
Which are the pyridimine bases
Thymine, uracil and cytosine
What is a gene
A length of DNA that provides the code for the production of a polypeptide
