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Nursing School Pt 2 > NR 465- Exam 1 > Flashcards

NR 465- Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

When does the fundal height decrease?

A

between 36-40 weeks

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2
Q

How long should fetal kick count be measured

A

for 2 hours, or until the fetus makes 10 distince movements

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2
Q
A

0 is right at the ischial spine.

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2
Q
A
  • Transverse Lie shoulder presentation
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3
Q

This is a condition in pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure, sometimes with fluid retention and proteinuria

A

preeclampsia

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4
Q

is protein in the urine a normal finding during pregnancy?

A

yes

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4
Q

What defines the transition phase of labor?

A

contractions every 1-2minutes, may have an urge to push down

becomes very anxious during this time

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5
Q
A

Longitudinal Lie Vertex Presentation

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5
Q

How do late decelerations appear

A

like early decelerations but are shifted to the right

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6
Q

When is a neonate most alert?

A

the first hour

breast feeding is important!

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6
Q

What is the ointment used in the newborn’s eyes to prevent gonorrhea?

A

Erythromycin.

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7
Q

How long does the latent phase last?

A

from the beginning of labor until about 3-5cm

  • woman is sociable and excited*
  • 8 hours*
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8
Q

What is the role of corpus luteum

A

first 6-7 weeks produces progesterone until placenta can take over

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8
Q

What does an engaged fetus mean?

A

the largest diameter of the head entered the pelvic cavity. Zero or lower. Takes place before the onset of labor.

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9
Q

When the head passes through the pelvis the bones may overlap, what is this called?

A

molding

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10
Q

How do we measure the descent of the fetus

A

in relation to the ischial spine. +1 is crowning of the head

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11
Q

Why are presumptive signs not considered diagnostic?

A

because they are changes that could happen outside of pregnancy

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11
Q

Examples of Probable Signs

A
  • Chadwicks Sign
  • Goodell’s Sign
  • positive pregnancy test
  • skin hyperpigmentation
  • striae
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11
Q

Duration is how long

A

1 contraction lasts

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12
Q

How many arteries/veins does a fetus have

A
  • 2 arteries (deox to placenta)
  • 1 vein (oxgenated away)
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14
Q

What position allows greater perfusion to the fetus?

A

Wedged to the left

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15
Q

How long does the fourth stage of labor last?

A

2 hours to 6 weeks

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16
Q

What defines the 3rd stage of labor?

A

Devliery of the plancenta

can last up to 30 min

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17
Q

What does restitution mean?

A

after the head is born, it turns to the same side it was in utero to realign with the shoulders and back.

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18
Q

What hormone does estrogen/progesterone block during pregnancy?

A

FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) and LH (lutenizing) from anterior Pituitary

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19
Q

Why doesn’t blood pressure increase during pregnancy?

A

due to decreased resistance in the vessels

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20
Q

What is a term used for false labor contractions?

A

braxton hicks

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20
Q

What could be the cause of variable deceleration?

A

cord compression, ask to reposition

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21
Q

On a newborn, what shape should the posterior fontanel be upon palpation?

A

triangular where the occipital and parietal bones meet. Between 0.5 and 1 cm. It closes by 2 to 4 months of age.

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22
Q

frequency is the time from the beginning of one contraction…

A

to the beginning of the next

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23
Q

On a newborn, what shape should the anterior fontanel be upon palpation?

A

a diamond, between frontal and parietal bones. Should be soft and flat

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25
Q

What are women at risk for during third trimester?

A

Anemia -should take iron supplements

26
Q

What is nagels rule?

A

First day of LMP, minuse 3 months, plus 7 days

28
Q

What is the main difference between a presumptive sign and a probable sign?

A

that involve physoligcal and anatomical changes (still subjective)

29
Q

Pre-term is the number of pregnance delievered between…?

A

20 and 37 weeks

29
Q

What tool can measure contractions graphically?

A

cardiotocography

31
Q

What can be used to determine a normal developing fetus versus an ectopic pregnancy?

A

Serial Quantitative hCG, Progesterone levels, Ultrasounds

slower rises in hCG usually occur

32
Q

Why do hematocrit and hemoglobin levels drop during 1st and 2nd trimester?

A

because of blood volume expansion

33
Q

What do strong contractions feel like upon palpation?

A

a forhead

34
Q

What does the LH trigger?

A

ovulation and development of corpus luteum

35
Q

What do moderate contractions feel like upon palpation?

A

a chin

36
Q

What does FSH hormone do?

A

regulates the development, growth, pubertal maturation and reproductive processes of the body

37
Q

What causes hemodilution during pregnancy?

A

increase in plasma larger than the increase in RBC’s

39
Q

Normal Weight of a newborn?

A

2500- 4000 grams

5-8 lbs

40
Q
A

Toco transducer

41
Q

What could be the cause of early deceleration?

A

fetal head compression, causing the vagus nerve to slow the heart rate.

no intervention needed

43
Q

What makes a positive sign of pregnancy

A

objective findings, through listen, seeing, feeling

44
Q

What defines an acceleration before 32 weeks gestation?

A

an increase in 10 bpm that lasts at least 10 seconds

44
Q

What is another word for Valsavla maneuver

A

Closed Glottis pushing during 2nd stage of labor

46
Q

What is Caput Succedaneum?

A

feels spongy, crosses suture lines

will go away on its own

47
Q
A
48
Q

When should prenatal visits begin?

A

as soon as woman supsects pregnancy

49
Q

What does APGAR stand for?

A
  • Appearance
  • Pulse
  • Grim (cry)
  • Activity
  • Respiratory
50
Q
A

Primary Powers

52
Q

What is considered a “term” pregnancy?

A

37 weeks or later

54
Q

What defines the 2nd stage of labor?

A

complete (10cm) dilation and full effacement of the cervix. It ends with the birth of the baby.

lasts avg 50 min, woman is agitated and irritable

55
Q

What hormone causes the vessels to be dilated during 2nd trimester?

A

progesterone

BP will decrease

56
Q

What is the size of dilation during the active phase?

A

between 4cm and 6cm

58
Q

What happens to vascular resistance during pregnancy?

A

it decreases

59
Q

What do mild contractions feel like upon palpation?

A

the tip of a nose

60
Q

What are the 7 cardinal movement of labor

A
  1. Descent
  2. Engagement
  3. Flexion
  4. Internal Rotation
  5. Extension
  6. Restitution
  7. External Rotation
  8. Expulsion
61
Q

What are the 3 components of the first stage of labor?

A
  1. Latent
  2. Active
  3. Transient
63
Q

What are the 2 most important components of a biophysical profile

A
  1. Non-stress test
    1. nervous system
  2. Amniotic Fluid Volume Index
    1. kidney perfusion
    2. normal means shunting has NOT occurred
64
Q

What could be the cause of late deceleration?

A
  • depressed cardiac function
  • poor oxygenation
  • maternal hypotension
  • excessive uterine stimulation.
65
Q

What is the peak of the contraction called?

A

acme

66
Q

3 parts of the fetus skull that are not fused together?

A
  1. Frontal
  2. Parietal
  3. Occiptal
67
Q

What does 100% effacement mean?

A

Cervix is no longer palpable, powerful contractions

68
Q

What does progesterone do to myometrial activity?

A

decreases it to maintain during pregnancy (dec uterine contractions)

69
Q

What are complications of a closed glottis

A

reduces blood return to the heart and maternal oxygen sat and decreases placental blood flow.

(prolonged breath holding)

70
Q

It is officially considered a para if…

A

the child has reached 20 weeks

71
Q

What is relaxin secreted from?

A

corpus luteum and placenta

72
Q
A

open glottis promotes perineal stretching.

73
Q

It is considered an abortion if…

A

termination before viability (20weeks)

74
Q

Pre term

A

20-36.6 weeks

75
Q

What does amniotic fluid tell you?

A

good organ development, placental function

76
Q

What is an acceleration tell you

A

intact CNS reactive good sign

77
Q

Biophysical Profile

A
  • Accelerations- FHR (non stress test)
  • Tone, (flexed)
  • Movement
  • Lung Expansion
  • Amniotic FLuid index
78
Q

Why do you give IV fluids when administering epidural?

A

to keep BP stabilized

79
Q
A

Nursing School Pt 2 (13 decks)

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