Notes Ch 4 the general survey Flashcards
what factors contribute to the patient’s body habitus?
socioeconomic status, nutrition, genetic makeup, degree of fitness, mood state, early illnesses, gender, geographic location, and age cohort
Components of general appearance
apparent state of health, level of consciousness, signs of distress, skin color and obvious lesions, dress/grooming/personal hygiene, facial expression, odors of the body and breath, posture/gait/motor activity, height/weight/BMI, and weight circumference
hypertension
blood pressure 140/90 or higher at office or 135/85 ambulatory or home
white coat hypertension
office blood pressure is high but ambulatory pressures are normal
masked hypertension
office blood pressure is normal but the ambulatory blood pressure is high
ausculatory gap
a silent interval that may be present between the systolic and diastolic pressures
how is hypertension diagnosed
hypertension must be diagnosed using the mean of two or more properly measured seated blood pressure reading, taken on two or more office visits
normal blood pressure
<120/80
prehypertension
120-139/80-89
stage 1 hypertension
140-159/90-99
stage 2 hypertension
> 160/>100
diabetes or renal disease
< 130/80
isolated systolic hypertension
systolic blood pressure is >140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure is <90 mmHg
orthostatic hypotension
a drop of systolic blood pressure of 20 mmHg or greater or in diastolic blood pressure of 10 mmHg or greater within 3 minutes of standing
what do you check for breathing?
rate, rhythm, depth, and effort
