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Nur 1142 Patho > Nose, Ears, Mouth And uTI > Flashcards

Nose, Ears, Mouth And uTI Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the shape of normal uterus

A

Mid line, firm and smooth, not tender to touch

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2
Q

Abnormal uterus

A

Enlarged, asymmetrical and discomfort with palpitation

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3
Q

Trachomonasis is caused by what?

A

T. Vaginalis.
Women>men, increase with sex increase in sex patterers

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4
Q

What’s the clinical manifestations of T vaginalis infection

A

Off white or yellow frothy vigainal discharge often malodorous and profuse
Erythema of Vulva and cervix
STRAWBERRY CERVIX
Itch
Dysuria
10-50% asymptomatic in women

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5
Q

What’s cause of bacterial vaginosis?

A

Imbalance in normal flora

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6
Q

What’s the clinical manisfeststions of Bacterial vaginosis?

A

Greyish-white or milky thin watery discharge with unpleasant FISHY ODOR

Less common in women- itchy/burning near vagina

Up to 50% asymptomatic

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7
Q

Bacterial vaginosis is associated with what

A

Increase susceptibility to STDs e.g HIV and PID
Pregnacy can cause preterm birth

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8
Q

Vulvovaginal candidiasis

A

Cause by candida and 75% women will experience it in life time

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9
Q

What’s the clinical manifestation of vulvovaginal candidiasis

A

White thick clumpy COTTAGE CHEESE like vaginal discharge. Sometimes adhering to wall of cervix and vagina

VULVAR PRURITUS dorminant feature

Small vulvar fissures- burning, soreness, dyspareunia and dysuria

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10
Q

Genital herpes is it sexually transmitted

A

Yes, more prevalent if 14-59yrs

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11
Q

What the classical symptom of genital herpes

A

Clusters of vesicles or pustules on an erythematous base

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12
Q

What’s the clinical manifestation of primary infection with herpes

A

Severe and multiple bilateral genital ulcers, dysuria, fever, tender local inguinal lymphadenopathy flu like symptoms (malaise myalgia)

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13
Q

What’s the manifestation of recurrent herpes episode?

A

Tingling, burning or shooting pain <24hrs before symptoms

Less severe and unilateral

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14
Q

What’s the most commonly reported bacterial STI in Canada?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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15
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of chlamydia infection?

A

Mucopurulent vaginal discharge
Dysuria
Dyspareunia
Bleeding during sexual intercourse, abnormal spotting or bleeding btw periods
Pelvic pain
70% women and 50% men infected are asymptomatic

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16
Q

Bacterial vaginosis is caused by what?

A

Grardnerella vaginalis and mucoplasma hominis

Discharge grey, thin watery profuse with fishy odor

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17
Q

Trachomoniasis is cause by what and what’s the definition symotom

A

T. Vaginalis

Strawberry cervix

Frothy yellow or white discharge

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18
Q

Classical defining symptoms of vulvovaginal candidiasis

A

Defining signs= itchy, burning erythema/edema of vulva/vagina

White thick cottage cheese discharge

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19
Q

Why is the presence or absence id type specific antibodies to herpes important in pregnacy?

A

It help differentiate between primary and non primary infection and help
Determine vertical transmission when herpes is acquired late in pregnancy

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20
Q

Why should type specific serology (TSS) not used in asymptomatic people

A

High false positive rates

21
Q

What’s the first line treatment of trachomoniasis (T. Vaginalis) in adults and pregnant (symptomatic)

A

Metronidazole oral. Intravaginal metronidazole gel not effective

Note
Treat all cases and sexual partners

22
Q

Is treatment recommended in asymptotic women in pregnancy for triachomoniasis?

A

No

23
Q

Is treatment with Metronidazole contraindicated in lactation

A

No.
It can get into milk and affect taste. So hold 12-24hrs

24
Q

Asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis do you need to treat?

A

No.
Unless high risk (e.g prior to preterm delivery)
Prior IUD insert
Gyn surgery
Induced abortion
Upper tract instrumentation

25
Q

What is the treatment for symptomatic adult not pregnant

A

1st line
metronidazole’ oral or gel
Clindamycin cream

2nd line
Metronidazole oral single dose
Clindamycin oral

26
Q

Recurrent bacterial vaccines is caused by overgrowth of G. Vaginalis M. Hominis anaerobes first line treatment is?

A

Metronidazole oral or gel

27
Q

1st line Treatment of bacterial vaginosis

A

Metronidazole oral or gel
Or Clindamycin

28
Q

Second line treatment for bacterial vaginosis is

A

Metronidazole single dose 2g
Or
Clindamycin oral

29
Q

Recurrent bacterial vaginosis treatment is what

A

Metronidazole oral or gel

30
Q

Should bacterial vaginosis be treated in pregnancy

A

Yes to avoid adverse outcome

Avoid oral metronidazole in 1st trimester
Use topical in 1 and 2nd trimester - no oral.
After 7th month use oral.

31
Q

Asymptomatic candidiasis, is treatment necessary

A

No

32
Q

What’s the first line for candidiasis in non pregnant people

A

Cotrimazoke intravaginal
Cotrimazole cream
Miconazole intravaginal

Fluconazole oral

Tercomaze cream - intravaginal

33
Q

What are the preferred treatment of candidiasis in pregnacy

A

Topical agents
Avoid Azoles (fluconazole)

34
Q

What the first line treatment of chlamydia in none pregnant and non lactating people

A

Doxycycline and azithromyxine

35
Q

What’s the treatment of chlamydia in pregnancy

A

Azithromycin- single dose
Amoxicillin- 7days
Erythromycin’s

36
Q

Is doxycycline and quinolone contraindicated in pregnacy and lactation

A

Yea

37
Q

If an individual is positive for chlamydia do you report

A

Yes. Contract tracing and treatment of all partners in last 60days

38
Q

Cervicitis is caused by what organisms?

A

C. Trachomatis
N. Gonorrohea

39
Q

When is treatment if candidiasis in male partner indicated

A

If causative organisms is candida bamantitis
Xtic presentation: erythematous glans + pruritus or irritation

40
Q

What’s the causative agents of cervicitis and the presentation

A

C. Trachomatis
N. Gonorrhoea

Presentation is inflamed cervix
Purulent or mucopurulent exudate
Induced or sustain bleeding
Friability of the endocervical is

41
Q

Treatment of cervicitis

A

Ceftriaxonr or cefixime +
Azithromycin or Doxycycline

42
Q

Undiagnosed cervicitis can result in what

A

Pelvic Inflammation Disease which can cause infertility and chronic pelvic pain

43
Q

What’s the treatment for first symptomatic genital herpes?

A

Acyclovir
Or
Femiciclovir
Or
Valacyclovir

44
Q

Herpes simplex in adults first symptomatic episodes, acute recurrent <6/yr or chronic suppressive >6/yr

A

First line is
Acyclovir
Or
Femicclovir
Or
Valacyclovir

45
Q

Treatment of herpes simplex in pregnacy, first symptomatic episode

A

First line is acyclovir

46
Q

What is PID

A

Infectious and inflammatory disorder of upper female genital tract and adjacent t pelican structures

47
Q

What’s the clinical presentation of PID

A

Lower abdominal pelvic pain, bilateral dull aching worse with physical activity/sex
Abnormal vaginal discharge, fever chill Dysuria intemenstural/post coital bleed
Fever > 38 cervidal motion tenderness, adnexal tenderness

48
Q

PID first line treatment

A

Cefixime or ceftriaxone IM
+ doxycycline +|- metronidazole

Nur 1142 Patho (15 decks)

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