Northumberland Flashcards
Context, Issues and Actions
When was Northumberlands Regency?
1549-1553
4
Context in 1549?
Just Deposed Somerset
Bad Economy
War Lost + Threat of Invasion
Religious Division
Just had two rebellions and threat of franco-scottish alliance.
Who was Northumberland?
Lead plotter against somerset
Military Hero
Devout Protestant
Took power as Lord President in Feb 1550.
Defeated Ketts rebellion
3
How did Northumberland consolidate his power?
Carried out second coup against conservatives. Removed Southampton and Arundel from council even though they helped him protest to Somersets new council.
Appointed “Yes man” Sir John Gates as Vice-Chamberlain.
Convinced Somerset to surrender then arrested and eventually executed him.
Explain War and Actions taken?
Weak due to losing war and Northumberland pulled out troops to protect England leads to ;
Treaty of Boulogne 1550
What was the Treaty of Boulogne 1550?
Peace treaty.
Sold Boulogne for £133,333
Marraige Pact for Edward and Henry IIs daughter Elizabeth.
Had to give up garrisons in Scotland and after lengthy negotiations borders set pre Henry VIIIs invasions.
How was FP with other countries?
Charles V angry at English protestant reforms.
Helps marriage with Mary.
Explain Economy problems??
Economy was bad due to poor harvests in 1550.
Social unrest due to 1549 rebellions.
Drop in exports in 1551 due to trade issues in Antwerp leads to unemployment in east anglia.
Actions to help Economy?
Rebased the coin to 1527 levels.
Sheep tax repealed in 1550
Treason act 1550 reimposed censorship.
Poor act 1552 - made parishes responsible for raising money for deserving poor.
Put silver in coin to replace gold.
Explain religious divison?
Protestants and conservatives in council and county. Heirs are both differant religion but Somerset was Protestant.
Actions for religion?
1552
Treason Act - cannot question royal supremacy or beliefs of English Church.
Second Act of Uniformity - offence for clergy to not attend church
Second Book of Common Prayer- Removed all traces of catholic and the mass
42 Articles in 1553 - offical doctrinal statement of the church of england.
These meant church of england was definitely protestant
What was the sucession problem?
In 1553 Edward was seriously ill at 15 so no heir. Next in line was Mary a strong catholic whos cousin was Charles V. Meant policies and men who pushed them reversed/killed.
What actions did he take to fix Sucession?
THE DEVYSE
Tried to put Lady Jane Grey on the throne. Mary and Lizs mums had both been divorced/killed so claims damaged even though they were back in line offically + not ruled out explcitly that lower family couldnt have a claim.
No support and Edward signed it but died before parliment could offically ratify it so it was illegal.
She had married his son a few months earlier.
Consequences??
Him, his son and others involved executed.
LJG only exeuted after her dad rebelled.
Dad was Duke of Suffolk
Results of Regency??
Ended at Peace, some economy measures passed had some influence and divison stronger due to more reforms. However Mary would reverse a lot of his changes. Good for protestants short term and country short term.
