Early Mary Flashcards
When was Marys Reign?
1553-1558
Context?
Edward died with no heirs.
She beat Devyse as she had support from the nobility, gentry and commoners. 80% of country catholic
Northumberland had little support,
Actions were illegal.
Context about Mary I?
Not raised for rule. Had to rely on Edwards council.
Unlike her dad and siblings, not suited to rule but was rightful heir.
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Who was on her council?
Stephan Gardiner as lord chancellor, Catholic and was imprisoned during Edwards reign. Was secretery to Henry VIII.
Thomas Howard - Duke Of Norfolk.
William Paget - moderate religious counciler who served her brother and dad.
All good choices. Mary appointed 50 differant councillars across 5 years so nearly a fresh set each year.
Who influenced Mary but was not on her council?
Her Husband - Charles V the King of Spain.
Simon Renard - Holy roman empires ambassador to England.
Heavy catholic influence from 2 which caused 1 but 1 hated england and everyone hated him so he didnt stay - short term influence.
What were the key issues that Mary had to face??
Sucession Crisis
Religious Divison
Poor Economy
No new wars though right now they had peace with spain and france and scotland.
Explain the Sucession Crisis??
Two previous moinarvhs had been protestant and so protestants were mad. Reforms would get reformed and they were in danger. (Rebellions)
Showed by rebellions one immediatly by the father of a protestant wo was the “queen” for seven days.
Actions to solve Sucession??
Relied on support from commoners and nobles to not support/crush rebellions. She was also the rightful heir and 80% of country is catholic.
Explain Religious Divison?
Protestant reforms had dominated for the past few decades sisnce Henry VIII created curch of England. Mary caused more by reforming even more policies and town to town aggressiveness.
Actions for religious division?
First Act of Repeal - Removed all religious legislation passed by Edward. 1553
Doctrine of church returned to what it was at time of H8s death.
Once cardinal pole was back she felt more confident.
Second Act of Repeal 1555 - Abolished them up to 1529. (Act of supremeacy 1934) means Pope is now head of the church. But returning church land and money is too complex. Mos also had descive role in religion. + Strict enforcement.
Explain strict enforcement??
Archbishop Cramner and others replaced with conservatives. He also recanted his actions/words.
In communiites those who did not renounce were burned at the stake to warn other. Included Cranmer after he recanted his recant.
Started in Feb 1555 and claimed 300 protestants - roughly same ballpark as H8.
Consequences of
