Normal labour Flashcards
Labour
Process in which the fetus, placenta and membranes are expelled via the placenta
When does labour occur?
spontaneously at term (37-42weeks) with fetus presenting vertex
SVD
spontaneous vaginal birth
2 key physiological changes for labour
cervix softens - changing from support to the birth canal
myometrial tone changes to allow coordinated contractions
Hormonal changes that occur for labour
progesterone down
oxytocin and prostaglandins up to allow labour to initiate
Latent first stage of labour
intermittent, irregular, painful contractions
cervical effacement and dilation up to 4cm
established first stage of labour
regular, painful contractions that result in cervical effacement and dilation from 4cm
When is the 1st stage of labour complete?
cervix fully dilated - 10cm
1st stage length for primigravida
about 8 hours but no more than 18
1st stage length for multigravida
about 5 hours but no more than 12
Anticipated progress for the first stage of labour
0.5-1cm/hour
What is the 2nd stage of labour?
from full cervical dilation to the birth of the baby
passive second stage
full cervix dilation before/in absence of involuntary expulsive contractions
Plan of passive second stage
1 hour of passive 2nd stage to allow further fetal descent
Active 2nd stage
presenting part is visible
expulsive contractions - full cervix dilation
active maternal effort - full dilation but no expulsive contractions