Normal Cardiac Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards
the right heart is associated with the _____ and the left heart is associated with the _______
pulmonary circulatory system/systemic circulatory system
the left heart is a _______
high resistance system
pulmonary artery pressure _____ at rest signifies PHTN
> 25 mmHg
______ is the arterial pressure exerted on the walls of the systemic circulatory system
blood pressure
arteries carry blood _____ the heart while veins carry blood ______ the heart
away from / toward
_____ are responsible for the exchange of nutrients and oxygen with the tissues
capillaries
in the adult, normal oxygen saturation in the right heart is _____% and normal oxygen saturation in the left heart is ____%
75/98
choose the statement that best describes the intracardiac pressure a. mean left atrial pressure = left ventricular end systolic pressure b. left ventricular end diastolic pressure = systemic arterial pressure c. mean right atrial pressure = right ventricular end diastolic presure d. right ventricular diastolic pressure = systolic pulmonic artery pressure
c. mean right atrial pressure = right ventricular end diastolic presure
the blood travels from the aorta to the _______
arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins
the new American Heart Association BP guidelines state that stage 1 hypertension = _____ mmHg
130-139/80-89
the apex is positioned ______
- anterior, rotates inferior, with a rightward direction
- inferior, rotates anterior, with a leftward direction
- inferior, rotates posterior, with a rightward direction
- posterior, rotates superior, with a leftward direction
- inferior, rotates anterior, with a leftward direction
the heart is enclosed in the _____ , a fluid filled sac that protects it against infection and trauma.
pericardium
The base of the heart is positioned ________
- inferior, rotates superior, with a rightward direction
- posterior, rotates inferior, with a leftward direction
- superior, rotates posterior, with a rightward direction
- posterior, rotates inferior, with a leftward direction
- superior, rotates posterior, with a rightward direction
List the heart wall sequence from the inner layer to the outer layer
- endocardium
- myocardium
- serous pericardium
- fibrous pericardium
List the anatomical order of the mitral valve apparatus
- annulus fibrosus - leaflets - chordae tendineae - antero-lateral papillary muscle & postero-medial papillary muscle - LV walls
- annulus fibrosus - leaflets - papillary muscles - chordae tendineae - LV walls
- annulus fibrosus - papillary muscles chordae tendineae - antero-lateral LV wall & postero-medial LV wall
- annulus fibrosus - valvular leaflets - antero-lateral LV wall & postero-edial LV wall - chordae tendineae
- annulus fibrosus - leaflets - chordae tendineae - antero-lateral papillary muscle & postero-medial papillary muscle - LV walls
- The coronary sinus is positioned along the _____
- anterior atrioventricular groove
- great cardiac vein
- middle cardiac vein
- posterior atrioventricular groove
posterior atrioventricular groove
- The great cardiac vein travels along the _____, collects blood from the anterior myocardium, and drains into the coronary sinus.
LAD
- The Chiari network is a normal embryologic remnant found in the LA that appears as a mobile, thin membrane with a whip-like motion, near the entrance of the IVC.
T or F ?
F
Chiari network - a mobile, net-like structures occasionally seen in RA near IVC and coronary sinus. It is a congenital remnant of right valve of sinus venosus
