normal and abnormal growth Flashcards
what proves a child shows normal growth?
- their measurements are within the normal range compared with children of their age
- their rate of growth is within the normal range compared with children their age
what should babies be wearing when weighed?
-no clothes or nappy
what should children older than 2 be wearing when weighed?
-vest and pants but no shoes, footwear or dolls and teddies in hand
what type of scales should be used to weight a child?
class III clinical electronic scales in metric setting
how is head circumference measured?
- should be measured using a narrow plastic or disposable paper tape
- should be measured 3 times and average should be taken
- measure where the head circumference is widest
what is the average age in the UK for a girl to enter puberty?
11
what is precocious puberty?
-when a Childs body begins changing into that of an adult (puberty) too soon
how are boys staged in puberty?
- testicular volume
- size of genitalia
- pubic hair
Tanner system
what is used to measure testicular size?
prader orchidometer beads
-onset of puberty is 4
how are girls staged in puberty?
breast development
-breast stage 2 on Tanner scale is official start of puberty for girls
how long after puberty do girls typically get their period?
usually 2-3 years after
what influences why boys are on average taller than girls?
- boys have delayed PHV
- boys PHV>girls
- boys fallen in pre puberty
PHV= peak height velocity
what tests should be done to test developmental growth?
- bloods (gonadotrophin, growth factors, testosterone/oestradiol, thyroid, karyotype, other pathology)
- bone age
- dynamic function tests
- MRI brain
- USS uterus
what are causes of short stature?
- genetic short stature
- constitutional growth delay
- dysmorphic syndromes
- endocrine disorders
- phychosocial deprivation
