Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

IP11 - Food Animal Medicine > Nonsurgical GI - Motility, Abomasal and Intestinal disorders > Flashcards

Nonsurgical GI - Motility, Abomasal and Intestinal disorders Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Gourmet Food flashcards
1
Q

Primary rumenoreticular contractions aid in:

A

ingesta mixing and stratification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Secondary rumenoreticular contractions aid in:

A

Eructation of gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Rumination aids in:

A

breakdown of feed

Addition of saliva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Vagal indigestion syndrome is also called:

A

Hoflund’s syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Vagal indigestion syndrome is ____ disturbances that hinder passage.

A

Motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the two conditions that can be the result of vagal indigestion syndrome:

A

Failure of omasal transport

Pyloric outflow failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Failure of Omasal Transport results in the accumulation of food in the _______.

A

reticulorumen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

C/S of failure of omasal transport

A

Abdominal distension (left side, if severe may be on right side too)

Passage of large fibers in feces

Inappetent

+/- rumen contractions - weak and uncoordinated

Bradycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Causes of failure of omasal transport

A
  • TRP
  • Abscesses
  • Adhesions
  • Papillomas
  • Obstruction
  • Diaphagmatic hernia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pyloric Outflow Failure C/S

A
  • Feed accumulation
    • First backs up in abomasum (right side abdominal distension), then refluxes and backs up into omasum, and can back up into the rumen (left sided abdominal distension)
  • Internal vomiting
    • Increase in rumen chloride - abomasum is not emptying into SI - so serum chloride drops and rises in the rumen
  • Decreased fecal output
  • Late stage: fluid rumen, systemic dehydration, metabolic alkalosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Causes of pyloric ouflow failure

A
  • Abomasal amotility
  • Vagal nerve motility
  • Hypocalcemia
  • Cranial abdominal adhesions
  • Advanced pregnancy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pyloric Outflow Failure Treatment

A

Difficult to treat and prognosis is poor- usually cull.

Can try cathartics

Correct mechanical problems

Remove fetus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Traumatic reticuloperitonitis is the rseult of ingestion of sharp objects that settle in the _____.

A

Reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pleuritis as a result of sharp object penetrating the reticulum and through the diaphragm would be called _____. What if it penetrated the pericardium?

A

Traumatic reticulopleuritis

Traumatic reticulopericarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

C/S of TRP

A
  • +/- fever
  • Poor appetite
  • Decreased milk production
  • Cranial abdominal pain
  • Abnormal rumen motility
  • Scant feces
  • Reluctant to move
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

CBC dx of TRP

A

Neutrophilia

Hyperfibrinogenemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Chem panel in TRP dx

A

Hyperglobulinemia

Mild metabolic alkalosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Abdoinocentesis with TRP dx

A

Increased WBCs and protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When doing radiographs to dx TRP - why would you want to lay the cow on its back?

A

It puts the gas cap in the ventral abdomen - where the foreign body should be present, while the the ingesta gets pulled down dorsally, allowing the foregin body to be seen against a black air background.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What can you see on an U/S when dx TRP?

A

Decreased motility

FIbrin

Perireticuar abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

When performing explroatory laparotomy for dx of TRP - is it better to look in the right flank or left flank?

A

Right flank - the rumen gets in the way on the left side

22
Q

Tx of TRP

A

Medical: mangets (prophylactically), antibiotics, NSAIDs, +/- fluids, exercise restriction

Surgical: rumenotomy

23
Q

classical presentation of Abomasal Impaction

A
  • Beef cattle on poor forage diets
  • Firm viscus in right anterioventral abdomen
  • Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis
24
Q

Tx of Abomasal Impaction - Success rate?

A

Abomasotomy - poor success rate

25
Q

Abomasal Impaction is a commonly secondary to _____

A

TRP

26
Q

Tx besides sx in abomasal impaction:

A

lavage abomasum through rumenotomy

Mineral oil

27
Q

The most common cause for abomasal impaction

A

Post-partum dairy cattle

Poor appetite +/- ketosis

floating LDA suspects

28
Q

presentation of Pyloric Outflow Failure in sheep

A
  • Distention of abomasum and omasum
  • Rumen hypermotiltiy
  • Decreased fecal output
  • Regurgitation of abomasal contents
29
Q

Is treatment recommended in sheep with pyloric outflow failure?

A

No - by the time we see it in sheep, they are done. It is best to cull the sheep at that point.

30
Q

Causes of abomasal ulcers

A
  • Not entirely known
  • Low abomasal pH (off feed - not chewing cud - pH will drop)
  • Decreased abomasal mucosal blood flow
31
Q

Are abomasal ulcers influenced by trichobezoars (hair balls)?

A

No - they do not play a role in ulcers.

32
Q

Location of abomasal ulcers in beef vs veal, vs feedlot, vs dairy cattle

A
  • Beef: mid fundus on greater curvature
  • Veal: pyloric antrum
  • Feedlot: pyloric region
  • Dairy cattle: fundic region
33
Q

C/S of an ulcer only, without bleeding or perforation

A
  • Signs are mostly associated with pain
  • Decreased appetite and milk production
  • Bruxisim
  • Salivation
  • Mild abdominal pain
34
Q

C/S with bleeding ulcer

A

C/S are the same with normal ulcer, plus:

Weakness, hemorrhagic shock

Melena

35
Q

C/S signs of ulcer with peritonitis

A
  • Increased WBCs in peritoneal fluid
  • Local peritonitis
  • Diffuse peritonitis
  • Recumbanc with expiratory groan
36
Q

Tx of bleeding ulcer

A

Get the animal to eat! This will buffer the GIT.

Oral antacids do not work very well

Antibiotics even if not perforating

37
Q

Hemorrhagic Bowel Syndrome is a severe _________ enteritis.

A

Necrohemorrhagic

38
Q

Etiology of hemorrhagic bowel syndrome

A

Mainly Clostridium perfringens type A

Sometimes Aspergillus fumigatus

39
Q

C/S of Hemorrhaic Bowl Syndrome

A

Acute abdominal disease - abdominal distension, accumulation of fluid and blood clot occluding the SI

40
Q

Tx for hemorrhagic bowel syndrome

A

Euthanasia or Surgery

41
Q

Control for hemorrhagic bowel syndrome

A

Decrease soluble carbohydrates to limit clostridial overgrowth

Watch for sorting - animals will pick out fine grains

Vaccinations - not proven to be efficacious so far

42
Q

Atresia coli is the absence of a _____ segment.

A

Colonic

43
Q

Atresia coli is a ____ abnormality, and can be scondary to a ____ insult.

A

Congenital; vascular

44
Q

T/F: Early pregnancy diagnosis may predipsoe to atresia coli.

A

True

45
Q

C/S of atresia coli

A

No feces

Progressive abdominal distension

+/- abdominal pain

46
Q

Definition of Atresia ani

A

Absence of anal opening

47
Q

C/S of atresia ani

A

No feces

Progressive abdominal distension

+/- abdominal pain

May have none in females b/c feces will push through vaginal wall and will eliminate feces through the vagina

48
Q

Tx of atresia ani

A

Surgical - create a hole - however there is no anal sphincter, so the cow will dribble feces constantly

49
Q

Causes of rectal prolapse

A

Anything that increases intrapelvic pressure:

Tenesmus, Coughing, Obesity, Vaingal irritation/prolapse, Excessively short tail docking

50
Q

Tx of rectal prolapse

A

Often reoccur

Replace prolapse: purse string, iodine injections, alcohol epidural to reduce straining, amputation

IP11 - Food Animal Medicine (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions