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1. Avian & Exotics > Non-human primates > Flashcards

Non-human primates Flashcards

1
Q

New World Monkey

A

Order: Platyrrhini
Squirrel monkey- Simir spp. common or tufted marsomset
Capuchin- Cebus spp.

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2
Q

Old World Monkeys

A

Order: Cararrhini
Macaques

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3
Q

Great Apes

A

Chimpanzees

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4
Q

Characteristics of Platyrrhine primates

A

Prehensile or pseudohensile tail (travel using tail)
Require Vit. C and D3
All have estrous cycles, arboreal, diurnal except Aotus

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5
Q

Characteristics of Catarrhine primates

A

Cheek pouches or ischial callosities
Vit D2 in diet, and Vit. C

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6
Q

Marmosets and Tamarins (Callitrichidae)

A

Diurnal: 1/5 of their day used for traveling, 1/3 used for foraging
Omnivorous

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7
Q

Callitrichidae reproduction

A

Common marmoset groups contain only 1 breeding pair
High frequency of twinning (>80%)

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8
Q

Callitrichidae temp

A

Tamarins stressed @ temps below 32 degrees celcius (89)

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9
Q

Callitrichidae sleeping

A

Flat surface for sleeping
Items for scent marking sanitized on a alternate schedule
Multiple feed stations

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10
Q

Simiri Spp. (squirrel monkey)

A

Seen as pets in private practice
Circulating levels of free or unbound cortisol (10x human)

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11
Q

Squirrel monkey reproduction

A

Sexual maturity @ 2.5-3 years
Males 25-30% heavier than females
Seasonal enlargement of tests
Undergo “fatting”

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12
Q

Squirrel monkey dietary considerations

A

High caloric diet
Ad libitum feed
Vit. D3, C and folic acid
Infants inefficient in protein utilization
Develops atherosclerosis

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13
Q

Macaca Mulatta (Rhesus monkeys)

A

Most common in biomed research
Lifespan: 29 years

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14
Q

Rhesus macaque dietary considerations

A

Mainly frugivorous
Daily ration 2-4% of body weight (adult)

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15
Q

Baboon dietary considerations

A

Require exogenous source of Vit. C and D

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16
Q

Pan spp. (Chimpanzee)

A

Pan troglodytes- common chimp
No longer used in biomed research

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17
Q

Goals of quarantine

A

Protect animals in existing colony from introduction of infectious disease
Protect personnel from zoonotic diseases

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18
Q

Quarantine facilties

A

Separate from conditioned colony
Designated area for treatment Restrict access to authorized personnel

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19
Q

Duration of quarantine

A

30-90 days

20
Q

Self Injurious behavior (SIB)

A

Deliberate destruction of body tissues
5-12% of individually housed rhesus reported
Spontaneous

21
Q

Wasting marmoset syndrome

A

Primary nutritional Vit. E deficiency and protein deficiency

21
Q

SIB treament

A

Social housing, enrichment, psychotherapeutic

21
Q

Wound management

A

Fight wounds most common
Rhabdomyolysis occurs secondary to crush injuries

21
Q

SIB clinical signs

A

Bites/ scratches to skin and muscle and alopecia

21
Q

Klebsiellosis pneumoniae

A

CS: depression, anorexia, lethargy, coughing, nasal discharge, facial edema, dyspnea, pneumonia and enteritis
Treated with antibiotics

21
Q

Tuberculosis

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (acid-fast bacilli)
Transmitted by ingestion, direct contact, contaminated equipment

21
Q

Streptococcosis pneumoniae

A

Most common and devastating pneumonia
CS: neurologic, GI, respiratory
Treated by supportive care

21
Q

Clinical signs and diagnosis of tuberculosis

A

CS: lymphadenopathy with draining fistula, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly
Diagnosed with skin testing, quantiferon blood test or radiographs

22
Q

Meloidosis (Burkholderia pseudomallei)

A

CS: Abscesses, draining LN, pneumonia, endocarditis, pericarditis, osteomyelitis, neurologic deficits

23
Q

Meloidosis public health

A

Opportunist pathogen
Endemic in soil/ environment
Transmission via aerosol, ingestion, cutaenous isolation
80% fatal in humans when not treated

23
Q

Tetanus (clostridium tetani)

A

Common in wild, free ranging or outdoor houses primates
CS: stiff-gait toppling, lockjaw

24
Q

Leptospirosis (leptospira icterohemorrhagiae)

A

CS: Tongue ulcerations
Treated with chloramphenicol, tetracycline and vx
ZOONOTIC

25
Q

Hansen disease (Leprocy)

A

Mycobacterium Leprae
CS: multiple eroded nodularskin, lesions of face and ears
Zoonotic

26
Q

Shigellosis (shigella flexneri)

A

Most common enteric pathogen in captive NHP
CS: diarrhea, hunched posture, fever, depression, lethargy, emaciation, tenesmus, rectal prolapse, gingivitis and abortion
ZOONOTIC

27
Q

Treatment of shigellosis

A

Vigorous fluid therapy
Antibiotics based on sensitivity

28
Q

Salmonellosis

A

CS: Diarrhea, vomiting, lethargy, anorexia, dehydration, death, foul smelling diarrhea
Treated with IV fluids and antibiotics
Zoonotic

29
Q

Campylobacteriosis

A

Camoybacteri jejuni
CS: anorexia, watery diarrhea, rectal prolapse
Zoonotic and exposed via contaminated food and water

30
Q

Herpesvirus simiae (Monkey B virus)

A

Macaques are reservoir- ulcers on lips and tongue
Fatal in aberrant hosts (humans, patas and colobus monkeys)
CS: Fever, depression, weakness, vesicles and ulcers on eyelids, lips and tongue

31
Q

Measles (paramyoxivirus morbillivirus)

A

All primates susceptible and high contagious
CS: koplik’s spots on gingiva and tongue, maculopapular rash over ventral body
Reverse zoonotic potential

32
Q

Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV)

A

Arenavirus, rapidly progressive viral hepatitis in callitrichids

33
Q

Treatment of LCMV

A

Correct hypovolemia and electrolyte disturbances
ZOONOTIC

34
Q

MONKEYPOX (ORTHOPOX)

A

Transmitted by fomites, resp. secretions, direct contact with lesions
CS: abdominal pain, bloating lymphadenopathy, maculopustular rash, conjunctivitis, labored breathing, anorexia, fever

35
Q

Monkeypox public health

A

ZOONOTIC
Vaccina vx every 3 years
New regulations for rodent import

36
Q

Pneumocytosis

A

Penumocytosis carinii
Debilitation due to recent importation, bacteria infection, neoplasia or immunodeficiency

37
Q

Coccidioidomycosis (Coccidioides immitis)

A

Soil saprophyte inhabiting semiarid areas in parts of SW US, Mexico and central and south america
CS: nasal discharge, cough, dyspnea with resp. infection
Treat with posaconazole therapy

1. Avian & Exotics (14 decks)

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