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1. Avian & Exotics > Ferrets > Flashcards

Ferrets Flashcards

1
Q

Taxonomy

A

Order: Carnivora
Genus: Mustelidae
Species: putorius furo (domestic)

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2
Q

Mustela nigripes

A

Black footed ferret
Only species native to N. America
Predators that depend on prairie dogs for survival

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3
Q

Lifespan

A

5-8 years

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4
Q

Age of sexual maturity

A

4-12 months

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5
Q

Ferret terminology

A

Female: Jill
Males: Hobs
Baby: kits

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6
Q

Cardiovascular anomaly

A

Single carotid a.= Innominate a. I from descending a.

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7
Q

GI

A

Rapid transit time so fasting should be limited to 3 hours before surgery

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8
Q

Male reproductive organs

A

J- shaped os penis
Tense musculature so needs to be sedated for catheter

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9
Q

Breeding season

A

March to August
Weight fluctuations up 30-40%
Induced by artificial lighting
Fat increased in fall and lost in spring

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10
Q

Females

A

Induced ovulators
Remain in estrus until mated or if 12 hours off daylight

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11
Q

Litter size

A

2-17 (average is 8)

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12
Q

Ocular anatomy

A

Holangiotic fundus
Sees only red color
Albinos have decreased motion detection

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13
Q

Oto anatomy

A

Deafiness linked to coat color
Waardenburg syndrome

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14
Q

Spleen

A

Primary site for hematopoiesis

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15
Q

What are ferret susceptible and resistant to?

A

S: human, bovine, and avian tuberculosis
R: samonella spp.

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16
Q

Head turn

A

Central artery allows ferret to maintain blood flow to brain while head turned 180 degrees

17
Q

Distemper

A

Ubiquitous, ferret taken outside should have vx
Transmitted by fomites, aerosol and direct contact with secretions
NO TREATMENT

18
Q

Distemper CS

A

Progress quickly in young –> death without signs
Anorexia, photophobia, lethargy, resp. discharge, pruritic rash on chin

19
Q

Influenza

A

Recovery within 7-14 days
Treatment is supportive and antibiotics for secondary infections

20
Q

Epizoonotic Catarrhal Enteritis (ECE)

A

Ferret enteric coronavirus (FREC)
Highly contagious with low morbidity and mortality
Seen in high density housing
Asymptomatic, juveniles illness in adults

21
Q

Ferret Systemic Coronavirus (FRSCV)

A

Multifocal white firm nodules throughout mesentery
Mesenteric LN enlarged with nodules

22
Q

Aleutian disease

A

Virus transmission by aerosol or contact with infected bodily secretions
Emaciation, icterus, posterior paresis, renal complications

23
Q

Helicobacter mustelae

A

In stomach and duodenum after weaning
Opportunistic
Gastritis (auto-abs) , ulcer formation, gastric lymphoma

24
Q

Definitive diagnosis of Helicobacter

A

High infection rates, low clin disease prevalence
Bacteria in feces or stomach swab
Endoscopy, biopsy, histology

25
Q

Lawsonia intracellularis

A

Causes proliferative bowel disease
Diarrhea, weight loss, rectal prolapse
Treat with chloramphenicol 2x day for 14-21 days

26
Q

Where is Lawsonia intracellularis seen?

A

Thickened gut loops/ colon
@ 4-6 months of age
Lab ferrets

27
Q

Bacterial gastroenteritis

A

Most common form
Gram-neg bacteria
From stress, poor husbandry

28
Q

Fungal infections

A

Microsporum canis
Trichophyton mentagrophytes
Microsporum nanum (pyogranulomatous dermatitis and fungal pododermatitis)
Blastomyces dermatitidis (granulomatous mengoencephalitis)

29
Q

___________ can causes bone marrow suppression

A

Hyperrestrogenism
pancytopenia

30
Q

Hyperadrenocorticism

A

Early neutering (loss of negative feedback from gonads)

31
Q

Adrenal Associated Endocrinopathy

A

Role of photoperiod
Exposed to less definitive seasonal photoperiods
8 hour light increased GnRH and LH production

32
Q

Treatment of Adrenal Associated Endocrinopathy

A

Darkness increase (melatonin)
Ferretonin (melatonin implant)
Lupron (GnRH)
Deslorelin (GnRH agonist)
Surgery (only definitive treatment)

33
Q

Insulinoma

A

Equal distribution between sexes seen in middle-aged or older
Diagnosed with blood chem

34
Q

Clinical presentation of insulinoma

A

Lethargy, ataxia, stargazing, hindlimb weakness, nausea (pytalism and pawing @ mouth)

35
Q

Heart Failure

A

Severe cardiac disease
Increased venous pressure, congestion, low cardiac output

36
Q

Cardiac disease

A

Congenital (valves, septum, tetralogy of fallot)
Acquired (valvular, dilated cardiomyopathy)

37
Q

Dilated cardiomyopathy

A

Increased diameter of diastolic chambers
Decreased contractility and output

1. Avian & Exotics (14 decks)

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