Guinea Pigs! Flashcards
IAF hairless stock
Albino background
Immunocompetent
Lifespan
3-4 years
Heart rate
230-380 beats/ min
Foa-Kurloff cell
Estradiol dependent mononuclear leukocyte
NK cytotoxic activity in vitro
Found in thymus, spleen, liver, lung and placenta
GI system
Monogastric
Large cecum that holds up 65% of GI content
20 hour GI transit time
Vagina
Bred @ 5-13 weeks or 300-500 grams
1st breeding prior to 6 months of age
Doesn’t have over 5 pups
Doesn’t have pups after 6 months due to pelvic fusion (dystocia)
Gestation
59-72 days
What vitamin do they require
Vitamin C
Blood collection
Difficult
Small volume samples
Taken from nail bed. lateral saphenous vein* or digital veins
Bordetella bronchiseptica
Gram-neg rod
Respiratory tract of mice, dogs, cars, rabbits, swine, NPH’s
Transmitted via aerosol, fomites and genital contact
WORST
CS for bordetella
Subclinical, inappetence, upper resp. tract discharge, dyspnea, cyanosis
Genital form: infertility, stillbirths, death
Which animals should you avoid housing GP’s with?
Rabbits because they can transmit bordetella
Diagnosis and pathology of bordetella
D: aerobic culture of bronchial or tracheal swab
P: carnioventral bronchopneumonia, marked infiltration with hertophils and mononuclear cells
Treatment of Bordetella
Supportive care (fluids, force feeding)
Vitamin C supplementation
Antibiotics (fluoroquinolone, TMS)
Streptococcus equi subsq. zooeidemicus
Gram-pos and produces exotoxins
Trasmitted through abrasions
Clinical signs of streptoccus equi subsq. zooeidemicus
Cervical lymphadentitis or “lumps”
Torticollis
Nasal/ocular discharge
Dyspnea, cyanosis, abortions, stillbirths
Pathology of streptococcus equi subsq. zooeidemicus
Abscessed, encapsulated cervical LN
Generalized lymphadenitis
Retro orbital abscessation, etc.
Treatment for streptococcus equi subsq. zooeidemicus
Surgical removal of the abscess
Antibiotics: fluoroquinolones, TMS, gentamicin, chloramphenicol
Prevention for streptococcus equi subsq. zooeidemicus
Nonabrasive feed
Trimming overgrown or broken teeth
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Deadly, gram-neg
Transmitted via aerosol, direct contact, infected repro tract during parturition
Diagnosis of Streptococcus pneumoniae
Culture of nasal flush/passages
Direct smears and culture of inflammatory exudate
Clinical signs of Streptococcus pneumoniae
Asymptomatic carriers, high mortality, upper resp. signs
Streptococcus pneumoniae treatment
Chloramphenicol
Trimethoprim-sufa
Tetracycline
Clostridium difficile (Antibiotic-Associated Typhlitis)
Gram-pos., spore-forming, enterotoxin (toxin A) and cytotoxin (toxin B)
Transmitted via antibiotic administration (penicillin, ampicillin, streptomycin, clindamycin, etc)
Pathology of Clostridium difficile
Gas-filled and distended cecum with mucosal hemorrhage
Hyperplasia of ileal mucosa
Ulceration of cecal epithelium
Treatment of Clostridium difficile
Symptomatically
Metronidazole
Yogurt or other Lactobacillus-containing products
Guinea Pig Adenovirus
Enveloped DNA virus
Adenoviridae
Respiratory transmission
Diagnosed by Serology, PCR
Treated with rederivation
Pathology of Guinea Pig Adenovirus
Demarcated areas of cranioventral pulmonary consolidation
Necrotizing bronchitis
Basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies
Guinea Pig Cytomegalovirus
Herpesviridae
Transmitted via saliva exposure and transplacental
Diagnosis and pathology of Guinea Pig Cytomegalovirus
D: histopathologic lesions
P: Intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in salivary glands and renal tubules
Lymohocytic Choriomenngitis (rare)
RNA virus and zoonotic
Arenaviridae
Transmitted via saliva exposre and transplacental
Pathology of Lymohocytic Choriomenngitis
Lymphocytic infiltrates (brain, liver, adrenal glands, lungs)
Dermatophytosis
Trichophyton metagrophytes (most common)
Zoonotic and transmited via direct contact
Clinical signs of Dermatophytosis
Alopecia, scale, crust, ulceration on nose/ muzzle or trunk and limbs
Pustules (secondary infections)
Treatment of Dermatophytosis
Miconazole, fluconazole, griseofulvin
Lice
Gliricola spp.
G. ovalis (oval louse) and G. porcelli (slender mouse)*
Dystocia
Preexisting pregnancy toxemia
Large fetuses > 100 g
Failed pubic symphysis separation
Pregnancy Toxemia
Preeclampsia/ circulatory form and fasting ketosis/ metabolic-nutritional form
Supportive care (fluids, calcium, gluconate, corticosteroids)
Preeclampsia/ circulatory form of pregnancy toxemia
Ischemia of the uteroplacental unti during late pregnancy and immediately postpartum
Dehydration, anorexic, acute death
Fasting ketosis/ metabolic-nutritional form of pregnancy toxemia
Hypoglycemia and hyperlipidemia in last 1-2 weeks of pregnancy
Death following 1-3 day fast
Hypovitaminosis C “Scurvy”
Deficiency of L-gulonolactone oxidase (green veggies prevent, vit. C in water)
Clinical signs are weight loss, reluctant to move, swollen joints
Ulcerative pododermatitis “Bumble Foot”
Staphylococcus aureus
Treated with antibiotics, surgical debridement, chlorhexidine foot soaks and analgesia
