Guinea Pigs!

Question 1

IAF hairless stock

Answer 1

Albino background
Immunocompetent

Question 2

Lifespan

Answer 2

3-4 years

Question 3

Heart rate

Answer 3

230-380 beats/ min

Question 4

Foa-Kurloff cell

Answer 4

Estradiol dependent mononuclear leukocyte
NK cytotoxic activity in vitro
Found in thymus, spleen, liver, lung and placenta

Question 5

GI system

Answer 5

Monogastric
Large cecum that holds up 65% of GI content
20 hour GI transit time

Question 6

Vagina

Answer 6

Bred @ 5-13 weeks or 300-500 grams
1st breeding prior to 6 months of age
Doesn’t have over 5 pups
Doesn’t have pups after 6 months due to pelvic fusion (dystocia)

Question 7

Gestation

Answer 7

59-72 days

Question 8

What vitamin do they require

Answer 8

Vitamin C

Question 9

Blood collection

Answer 9

Difficult
Small volume samples
Taken from nail bed. lateral saphenous vein* or digital veins

Question 10

Bordetella bronchiseptica

Answer 10

Gram-neg rod
Respiratory tract of mice, dogs, cars, rabbits, swine, NPH’s
Transmitted via aerosol, fomites and genital contact
WORST

Question 11

CS for bordetella

Answer 11

Subclinical, inappetence, upper resp. tract discharge, dyspnea, cyanosis
Genital form: infertility, stillbirths, death

Question 12

Which animals should you avoid housing GP’s with?

Answer 12

Rabbits because they can transmit bordetella

Question 13

Diagnosis and pathology of bordetella

Answer 13

D: aerobic culture of bronchial or tracheal swab
P: carnioventral bronchopneumonia, marked infiltration with hertophils and mononuclear cells

Question 14

Treatment of Bordetella

Answer 14

Supportive care (fluids, force feeding)
Vitamin C supplementation
Antibiotics (fluoroquinolone, TMS)

Question 15

Streptococcus equi subsq. zooeidemicus

Answer 15

Gram-pos and produces exotoxins
Trasmitted through abrasions

Question 16

Clinical signs of streptoccus equi subsq. zooeidemicus

Answer 16

Cervical lymphadentitis or “lumps”
Torticollis
Nasal/ocular discharge
Dyspnea, cyanosis, abortions, stillbirths

Question 17

Pathology of streptococcus equi subsq. zooeidemicus

Answer 17

Abscessed, encapsulated cervical LN
Generalized lymphadenitis
Retro orbital abscessation, etc.

Question 18

Treatment for streptococcus equi subsq. zooeidemicus

Answer 18

Surgical removal of the abscess
Antibiotics: fluoroquinolones, TMS, gentamicin, chloramphenicol

Question 19

Prevention for streptococcus equi subsq. zooeidemicus

Answer 19

Nonabrasive feed
Trimming overgrown or broken teeth

Question 20

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer 20

Deadly, gram-neg
Transmitted via aerosol, direct contact, infected repro tract during parturition

Question 21

Diagnosis of Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer 21

Culture of nasal flush/passages
Direct smears and culture of inflammatory exudate

Question 22

Clinical signs of Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer 22

Asymptomatic carriers, high mortality, upper resp. signs

Question 23

Streptococcus pneumoniae treatment

Answer 23

Chloramphenicol
Trimethoprim-sufa
Tetracycline

Question 24

Clostridium difficile (Antibiotic-Associated Typhlitis)

Answer 24

Gram-pos., spore-forming, enterotoxin (toxin A) and cytotoxin (toxin B)
Transmitted via antibiotic administration (penicillin, ampicillin, streptomycin, clindamycin, etc)

Question 25

Pathology of Clostridium difficile

Answer 25

Gas-filled and distended cecum with mucosal hemorrhage
Hyperplasia of ileal mucosa
Ulceration of cecal epithelium

Question 26

Treatment of Clostridium difficile

Answer 26

Symptomatically
Metronidazole
Yogurt or other Lactobacillus-containing products

Question 27

Guinea Pig Adenovirus

Answer 27

Enveloped DNA virus
Adenoviridae
Respiratory transmission
Diagnosed by Serology, PCR
Treated with rederivation

Question 28

Pathology of Guinea Pig Adenovirus

Answer 28

Demarcated areas of cranioventral pulmonary consolidation
Necrotizing bronchitis
Basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies

Question 29

Guinea Pig Cytomegalovirus

Answer 29

Herpesviridae
Transmitted via saliva exposure and transplacental

Question 30

Diagnosis and pathology of Guinea Pig Cytomegalovirus

Answer 30

D: histopathologic lesions
P: Intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in salivary glands and renal tubules

Question 31

Lymohocytic Choriomenngitis (rare)

Answer 31

RNA virus and zoonotic
Arenaviridae
Transmitted via saliva exposre and transplacental

Question 32

Pathology of Lymohocytic Choriomenngitis

Answer 32

Lymphocytic infiltrates (brain, liver, adrenal glands, lungs)

Question 33

Dermatophytosis

Answer 33

Trichophyton metagrophytes (most common)
Zoonotic and transmited via direct contact

Question 34

Clinical signs of Dermatophytosis

Answer 34

Alopecia, scale, crust, ulceration on nose/ muzzle or trunk and limbs
Pustules (secondary infections)

Question 35

Treatment of Dermatophytosis

Answer 35

Miconazole, fluconazole, griseofulvin

Question 36

Lice

Answer 36

Gliricola spp.
G. ovalis (oval louse) and G. porcelli (slender mouse)*

Question 37

Dystocia

Answer 37

Preexisting pregnancy toxemia
Large fetuses > 100 g
Failed pubic symphysis separation

Question 38

Pregnancy Toxemia

Answer 38

Preeclampsia/ circulatory form and fasting ketosis/ metabolic-nutritional form
Supportive care (fluids, calcium, gluconate, corticosteroids)

Question 39

Preeclampsia/ circulatory form of pregnancy toxemia

Answer 39

Ischemia of the uteroplacental unti during late pregnancy and immediately postpartum
Dehydration, anorexic, acute death

Question 40

Fasting ketosis/ metabolic-nutritional form of pregnancy toxemia

Answer 40

Hypoglycemia and hyperlipidemia in last 1-2 weeks of pregnancy
Death following 1-3 day fast

Question 41

Hypovitaminosis C “Scurvy”

Answer 41

Deficiency of L-gulonolactone oxidase (green veggies prevent, vit. C in water)
Clinical signs are weight loss, reluctant to move, swollen joints

Question 42

Ulcerative pododermatitis “Bumble Foot”

Answer 42

Staphylococcus aureus
Treated with antibiotics, surgical debridement, chlorhexidine foot soaks and analgesia