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BMRD > NMJ > Flashcards

NMJ Flashcards

1
Q

Name non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

A

d-Tubocurarine

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2
Q

Name depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

A

Succinylcholine

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3
Q

Describe mechanism of action of succinylcholine

A

Phase I: persistent depolarization

Phase II: muscle cell desensitized causing paralysis

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4
Q

Name enzyme which degrades succinylcholine

A

Plasma cholinesterase

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5
Q

How does succinylcholine cause hyperkalemia in burn patients?

A

Succinylcholine depolarizes muscle cell shifting K+ into blood

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6
Q

How does succinylcholine cause malignant hyperthermia in patients w/ RyR-1 mutation?

A
  1. Pathological stimulation of RyR-1
  2. Excessive release of Ca2+
  3. Increase in muscle contractility
  4. Increase in metabolism
  5. Increase in body temperature
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7
Q

Uses of neuromuscular blockers

A
  1. Increase field of exposure during surgery
  2. Relax throat & neck reducing risk of injury during intubation
  3. Permit easy movement of joints during orthopedic surgery
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8
Q

List 3 differences between d-Tubocurarine & succinylcholine

A
  1. d-Tubocurarine: competitive antagonist; succinylcholine: mimics acetylcholine
  2. Duration of action of succinylcholine shorter
  3. d-Tubocurarine: no depolarization; succinylcholine: depolarization in phase I
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9
Q

List 3 similarities between d-Tubocurarine & succinylcholine

A
  1. Poor lipid solubility
  2. Act on Nm receptors of skeletal muscles
  3. IV
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10
Q

What’s the difference between spasmolytic & neuromuscular blockers?

A

Spasmolytic: centrally acting

Neuromuscular blockers: peripherally acting

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11
Q

What are spasmolytic & neuromuscular blockers?

A

Skeletal muscle relaxants

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12
Q

Examples of spasmolytics

A
  1. Diazepam

2. Baclofen

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13
Q

Succinylcholine alternative for patients susceptible to malignant hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

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14
Q

Skeletal muscle relaxant which acts on a2-receptors

A

Tizanidine

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15
Q

Uses of spasmolytics

A
  1. Cramps
  2. Tetanus
  3. Torticollis
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16
Q

State 3 differences between neuromuscular blockers & spasmolytics

A
  1. Neuromuscular blockers: lost of voluntary movements; spasmolytics: voluntary movements preserved
  2. Neuromuscular blockers: no effect on CNS; spasmolytics: CNS depression
  3. Neuromuscular blockers: surgery; spasmolytics: spasticity & muscle cramps

BMRD (18 decks)

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