General Pharmacology Flashcards
Bioavailability
Extent to which drug reaches plasma/site of action unchanged
Factor of bioavailability
Route of administration
What does Vd tell you?
Lipid solubility
Diff between clearance & rate of elimination?
Clearance: Vplasma cleared of drug per unit time
Rate of elimination: amount of drug removed per unit time
Higher Vd, ___ half life. Why?
Longer cos stay in tissue longer
Steady state concentration
Rate of drug in = rate of drug out
Difference between graded & quantal DRC?
Graded: individual study
Quantal: populational study
Efficacy
Ability of drug to produce max response
Potency
Dose needed to produce given response
Lower ED50, ___ potent drug
More
Efficacy depends on?
Number of efficacious drug-receptor interaction
Types of antagonist
(Non)-competitive
In presence of competitive antagonist, DRC ___
Shifts parallelly to right
Potency changes in presence of non-competitive antagonist. True/False?
False
Efficacy ___ in presence of non-competitive antagonist.
Decreases
Therapeutic index indicates ___.
How much room to play w/ dose
A cholinergic drug which causes miosis & is used to treat glaucoma
Pilocarpine
A drug used to differentiate myasthenic crisis from cholinergic crisis
Edrophonium
A drug used in the treatment of hypertension but is contradicted if patient has bronchial asthma
Propranalol
A drug used for symptomatic treatment of organophosphate poisoning
Atropine
Pilocarpine effects
- Miosis (constriction of pupil)
- Cyclospasm (accommodation of focus for near vision)
- Lowering of IOP
A drug used in the treatment to reverse muscle paralysis induced by non-polarizing neuromuscular blockers
Neostigmine
Atropine is (non-competitive/competitive) antagonist for muscarinic receptors
Competitive
A drug used in the treatment to reverse muscle paralysis induced by non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers
Neostigmine
Atropine is (non-competitive/competitive) antagonist for muscarinic (x nicotinic) receptors
Competitive
Difference between atropine & pralidoxime
Atropine: symptomatic treatment
Pralidoxime: root of problem
Why propranolol aggravates bronchial asthma?
Propranolol is non-selective beta blocker
Which is 1st choice for hypertension: propranolol or metoprolol?
Metoprolol
Which is 1st choice for hypertension: propranolol or metoprolol? Why?
Metoprolol because cardioselective
