NM, IR, MRI, Lower Extremity Flashcards
1
Q
two features that would indicate osteoarthritis
A
narrowed joint space with osteophytes
2
Q
common view for the knee
A
AP
lateral
oblique
sunrise
3
Q
what is the pathogenesis of pagets disease
A
hypermetabolic bone that breaks down and repairs bone over and over, making it prone to breaks
4
Q
absolute and relative indications for an IVC filter
A
absolute: presence of DVT or PE, contraindication to coags, recurrent PE despite coags, anticoagulation related complications
relative: free floating thrombus, prophylaxis, poor compliance with anticoagulation
5
Q
why can iodine be used for radioactive ablation of the thyroid
A
because the thyroid is the only place that takes up large amounts of iodine
6
Q
A
salter harris I fibula
7
Q
A
calcaneus fracture
8
Q
A
talus
9
Q
what is a HIDA scan used for
A
to evaluate the function of the gallbladder after a negative ultrasound when apin, bloating, nausea, chest pain persist
10
Q
what is an AFR (IR)
what are the indications
A
aorta femoral runoff
claudcations with positive ABI, CTA, or MRA used to plan intervention
11
Q
A
degenerative arthritis
12
Q
are stable or unstable pelvic fracture smore common
A
stable
13
Q
A
pubic ramus fracture
14
Q
what disease process can lead to bowleggedness
A
degenerative arthritis of the knees
15
Q
prep for an arteriogram
A
NPO
coags
creatinine and GFR
16
Q
what is a nucelar stress test used for
A
presence, location, extent of CAD
assessment of ischemia
monitoring
17
Q
A
subtrochanteric
18
Q
what is needed for every IR proceedure
A
NPO
coags
GFR
19
Q
A
distal fibula fracture
20
Q
what would normal heart perfusion look like in a nuclear stress test
ischemia
infarct
A
evenly distributed blood flow
hypoperfusion on stress
hypoperfusion with stress and rest
21
Q
A
outlet view
22
Q
what are the indications for a mesentaric arteriogram
A
ischemia, GI bleed
23
Q
A
bone to bone apposision medial
24
Q
what is this
is it pathlogic
A
bipartite patella
no, its a normal variant
25
why would being diabetic be of consideration for PET scan
it uses radioactive sugar
26
when assessing for arthritis in the knee what is needed
AP and lateral that is weight bearing
27
segmental fracture of the left tibia
28
avulsion fracture
29
prep for IVC
NPO
check for allergy
creatinine and GFR
coags
30
open book fracture
31
pubic ramus fracture
32
osteoarthritis
33
comminuted right calcaneus fracture
34
navicular
35
hip arthritis
36
navicular
37
avascular necrosis
38
hip arthritis
39
what on a radiograph would indicate vertical shear on the pelvis
complex pattern of fractures directed toward the head
40
frank fracture
a fracture between the 1st and 2nd metatarsal
41
degenerative arthritis
42
what is the sunrise view for
patellar tracking issues
43
what is most likely true if one side of the pelvic ring is fractured
there will be a fracture on the other side
44
medial cuneiform
45
what is this
is it pathologic
fabella, a sesamoid bone in the gastroc tendon
no, but it can be mistaken for one
46
views of the hip
AP and Frog leg lateral
47
subcapital
48
calcaneus fracture
49
indications for IR venous access
prep
long term adminstration of chemo, blood products, antibiotics
NPO, coags
50
medial condyle
51
what is this
is it pathological
os trigonum
no, its a non union of the talus that can be mistaken for an avulsion
52
what radiographic sign would indicate an issue at the pubic symphysis
SI joint
PS \>5mm
SI\>4mm
53
T/F a fracture above the mortise that disturbs the mortise is unstable
true
54
pubic symphysis
55
straddle fracture
56
patella
57
lesser trochanter
58
why do femur fractures tend to be bayonetted
muscle contraction pulls the ends of the bones past each other
59
what is a DSA (IR)
digital subtracted arteriogram, takes out everything but the vascular structure
60
cuboid
61
contraindications for an exercise stress test
physical/neurological limitations
meds that preclude stress increases (CA blockers, beta blockers)
usntable angina
recent MI
uncontrolled systemic or pulmonary hypertension
62
stradle fracture
63
ischial tuberosity
64
degenerative arthritis
65
talus
66
femoral neck ffracture
67
intertrochanteric fracture
68
contraindications for IVC
lack of venous access
total thombosis of the IVC
sepsis
caval diameter \<15mm
69
fibular neck
70
judet view
71
intercondylar eminence
72
avulsion fracture 5th metatarsal
73
hallux rigidus
arthritis of the big toe that causes pain on push off
74
legg-calve-perth
75
SI joint
76
sacrum
77
acetabular fracture
78
arthritic knee
79
what is an axial view of the foot used for
the evaluate the calcaneus for fracture
80
four types of arteriogram
AFR
cerebral
carotid
mesentaric
renal
81
sub trochanteric
82
two ways to allow for dialysis access
AV fistula
central catheter
83
three conditions associated with unstable pelvis fractures
pevic organ damage
hemorrhage
shoch
84
femoral neck fracture
85
patella fracture
86
arthritic knee
87
open book fracture
88
distal tibia fracture
89
what is the hardest part of a thyroid scan
it lasts two days and requires lots of prep
90
three feature to help identify avascular necrosis
snow cap, bite lesion, collapse of the femoral head
91
lateral condyle
92
lateral epicondyle
93
intertrochanteric fracture
94
pagets disease
95
avascular necrosis
96
avulsion fracture
97
femoral neck fracture
98
what are the indications for a renal arteriorgram
Uncontrolled HTN from stenosis or fibromuscular dysplasia
tumor emobolization
truama
99
calcaneus fracture
100
intertrochanteric fracture
101
102
malgiagne
103
TIPS procedure
transhepatic portosystemic shunt
relieve portal hypertension leading to varices
104
contraindications for a chemical nuclear stress test
brochospasm
systemic hypotension
mitral valve disease
105
when would a judet view be used
when looking for fractures
106
two types of interventions from IR
stents
embolizations
107
what percent of pelvic fractures will include the acetabulum
if you suspect acetabular fracture what imaging will you need to do
20%
CT
108
intertrochanteric fracture
109
arthritic knee
110
joint space
111
F - J
F head of femur
G neck
H greater trochanter
I lesser trochanter
J ischial tuberosity
112
bucket handle
113
tibial plateau fracture
114
femur fracture
115
cuboid
116
arthritic knee
117
avulsion fracture 5th metatarsal
118
four types of cancer and molecular imaging fround in NM
thyroid cancer and ablation
SM153 and Sr89 for pain relief
PET scan
Bone scan
119
hallux valgus and small toe dislocation
120
cardaic uses for pet
mycardial perfusion
viability
scaroidosis
121
avulsion fracture
122
inlet view
123
three main vectors associated with pelvic injuries
AP compression
Lateral compression
vertical shear
124
intermediate cuneiform
125
acetabular fracture
126
femoral neck fracture
127
iliac crest
128
5th metatarsal
129
common x rays of the pelvis
AP
inlet
outlet
judet
130
what would cause lateral compression of the pelvis
two radiographic signs
side impact
sacral buckle and horizontal pubic rami fracture
131
head of the fibula
132
greenstick fracture
133
what are Y90 microspheres used to treat
unresectable hepatic carcinoma
134
lateral condyle
135
arthritic knee
136
what would cause AP compression of the pelvis
two radiographic signs on xray
impact from the front or back
diastasis of the pubic symphysis or SI joint shifting
137
in what population is a slipped capital femoral epiphysis common
what happens
what is the prognosis
obese pediatric males
the top of the femoral head slides off
surgery is needed to keep the slip from getting worse and there is a higher risk of hip replacement
138
how many PET scans are patients allowed eachyear
3
139
degenerative arthritis
140
why would a V/Q scan be ordered
unable to do a CT because of IV size, renal failure, patient size, contrast allergy
141
pubic ramus fracture
142
T/F suspected Si joint pain my require CT
true, some small disruptions may only be visible on CT
143
femoral neck fracture
144
what is a possible complication of a pubic ring fracture
hemorrhage
145
why is the frog leg view useful
it lets you see the lesser trochanter
146
jones fracture
147
what are the indications for a cerebral arteriogram
ischemia, hemorrhage, stroke, aneurysm
148
femur fracture
149
head of the femur
150
acetabular fracture
151
5 types of stable pelvis fractures
ramus fractures
avulsion fractures
isolated sacral fractures
sacrocaccygeal fractures
win fractures
152
lovers fracture
a fracture of the calcaneus commonly cuased by landing on the feet from a height
153
tibial plateau fracture
154
medial epicondyle
155
what is an IVC filter used for
the help catch blood clots from DVT
156
what does aneurysm coiling entail
threading a wire up through the femoral artery into the bubble and filling it with wire
157
calcaneus fracture
158
neurology uses for PET
trauma
tumor
plaques
dementia
159
what should you consider doing in the case of elderly falls
bilateral hip films
160
calcaneus
161
acetabular fracture
162
obturator foramen
163
head of the talus
164
what is legg-calve-perthes
what is the prognosis
avascular necrosis commonly seen in pediatric males
with crutches and physical therapy the joint will regenerate
165
avascular necrosis
166
indications for a carotid arteriogram
when is it used
TIA, stroke
for stenting, or when other testing is unclear
167
what is the difference between nuclear medicine and other imaging
it uses small amounts of radioactive material to test function of body structures
168
slipped capital femoral epiphysis
169
if occult fracture, infection, or tumor is suspected in the hip what should be done
MIR
170
three locations of avulsion fractures in the plevis
iliac spine
iliac crest
ischial tuberosity
171
femur fracture
172
common views used to image the foot
AP
lateral
oblique
weight bearing
axial
173
malgiagne
174
slipped capital femoral epihpysis
175
medial condyle
176
calcaneus fracture
177
comminuted displaced medial tibial plateau fracture with disruption of the knee joint
178
lateral cuneiform
179
what pathology is shown here
degenerative arthritis
180
lateral malleolus
181
subcapital
182
medial malleleous fracture
183
distal fibula fracture
184
what is a mortise view used for
the evaluated the talotibial joint
185
straddle fracture
186
medial malleolus
187
oncology uses for PET
FDG for metabolic cancers
fluccicovine for prostate
188
jones fracture
189
subcappital
190
diastasis of the pubic symphysis
191
A - E
A iliac crest
B iliac wing
C SI joint
D ASIS
E acetabulum
192
what are the indications for a percutaneous nephrostomy
obstructed ureter
large stone
hydronephrosis
193
K - N
K superior pubic ramus
L inferior pubic ramus
M obturator foramen
N pubic symphysis
194
epiphyseal line of the tibia
195
axial view of calcanues
196
legg-calve-perth
197
why are tibial plateau fractures particularly challenging
its hard to get the contour of the joint back together
198
what two modalities are used in interventional radiology
fluoro
US
199
what is an NM renal scan used for
to determine if a renal issue is mechanical or physical
hypertension
transplany
200
four types of unstable pelvis fractures
malgaigne
open book
bucket handle
straddle
201
first metatarsal
202
what are stents used for
what about embolizations
ischemia
tumors, GI bleeds, trauma
203
calcaneus fracture
