NII: OPPOSITION & REPRESSION

Question 1

Who were the Social Democrats? What year were they set up?

Answer 1

Opposition group who wanted to encourage trade unions for workers rights.
1898.

Question 2

Who was the leader of the Social Democrats?

Answer 2

Plekhanov

Question 3

What did the Social Democrats split into?

Answer 3

The Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks.

Question 4

What year were the Bolsheviks and Mensheviks set up?

Answer 4

1903

Question 5

Who was the leader of the Bolsheviks?

Answer 5

Lenin

Question 6

What did the Bolsheviks want?

Answer 6

A centralised leadership.

Question 7

Who was the leader of the Mensheviks?

Answer 7

Martrov.

Question 8

What did the Mensheviks believe in?

Answer 8

Gathering mass support for revolution.

Question 9

Give two examples of Populists/Narodniks.

Answer 9

1. Vera Zalsulich

2. Karakosov.

Question 10

What group formed out of the Narodniks?

Answer 10

Land and Liberty.

Question 11

When did Land and Liberty split? Into what two groups?

Answer 11

1878.

Black Partition and The People’s Will.

Question 12

What did the People’s Will prefer in terms of methodology? What did they do?

Answer 12

Violence.

Assassinated AII in March 1881.

Question 13

What did the Black Partition believe in regarding methodology?

Answer 13

Peaceful methods.

Question 14

Who were the Social Revolutionaries? What year were they established?

Answer 14

Wanted to revolt with the peasants and overthrow the Tsarist regime.
1901.

Question 15

Who was the leader of the Social Revolutionaries?

Answer 15

Chermov.

Question 16

Which two groups were established out of the Social Revolutionaries in 1901?

Answer 16

Left SR’s and Right SR’s.

Question 17

What did the Left SR’s attempt to do?

Answer 17

Tried to stir up discontent in the countryside and disrupt government by political assassinations.

Question 18

What did the Right SR’s aim to do?

Answer 18

Moderate element, aimed to co-operate with other parties for an immediate improvement in the conditions of workers and peasants.

Question 19

Who was Karl Marx?

Answer 19

German Jew who criticised economic and social conditions. Wrote the Communist Manifesto.

Question 20

Who was George Plekhanov?

Answer 20

Led the SDs. Believed in fighting autocracy. Believed the proletariat should rise up against autocracy.

Question 21

Who was Lenin?

Answer 21

Led the Bolsheviks. Came from a wealthy family, his brother was hung by AIII.

Question 22

Who was Martov?

Answer 22

Led the Mensheviks. Founded the emancipation of labour and the SD movement.

Question 23

Who was Trotsky?

Answer 23

Originally a Menshevik, turned Bolshevik. Found out by the Okhrana and was exiled to Siberia.

Question 24

How did Nicholas respond to opposition?

Answer 24

Largely ignored it.

Question 25

How did Nicholas limit the power of the Duma?

Answer 25

Fundamental Laws of 1906.

Question 26

Where is there further evidence of repression in the Duma?

Answer 26

The first Duma was closed after 42 days, and the second after 4 months.

Question 27

What did the 1907 Electoral Laws do?

Answer 27

The number of peasants, workers and national minorities in the Duma drastically reduced.

Question 28

What were the nicknames for the first two Dumas?

Answer 28

First: ‘National Hopes’.
Second: ‘National Anger’.

Question 29

What strike occurred in 1912?

Answer 29

Lena Goldfields.

Question 30

Where was there a naval mutiny?

Answer 30

Potemkin.

Question 31

Which two individuals were killed by the SRs? How many political killings did they instigate total?

Answer 31

Grand Duke Sergei and Plehve.

2000.

Question 32

Where was there revolts in 1906-7?

Answer 32

The Black Earth regions.