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Anatomy > Next Lecture Quiz Oct 30- > Flashcards

Next Lecture Quiz Oct 30- Flashcards

1
Q

What aids in blood clotting?

A

platelets (platelets also help in healing, etc)

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2
Q

What is thrombopoiesis

A

Production of platelets.

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3
Q

What is hematopoiesis

A

forming blood cells

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4
Q

how do megakaryocytes form platelets in the blood?

A

tendrills sneak into the blood stream and break off

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5
Q

What is hemophilia

A

the love of bleeding. It’s sex linked

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6
Q

What is thrombosis?

A

abnormal clotting in an unbroken blood vessel

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7
Q

What is thrombus

A

the blood clot itself

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8
Q

Embolism?

A

part of a clot breaks free and travels. u call that clot the embolus.

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9
Q

What is the path of the pulmonary circuit?

A

Blood flows from right heart to lungs. Gas exchange in the lungs.

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10
Q

Path of systemic circuit

A

blood flows from left heart to all body. gas exchange in organs

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11
Q

Where is the pericardium and what is it’s job?

A

membrane around the heart. Restricts heart movement so it is contained

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12
Q

What are the two layers of the pericardium?

A

fibrous pericardium (tough outer sac) and serous pericardium/epicardium (visceral layer (means touching the organ)). Pericardial cavity is the space between the layers containing serous fluid.

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13
Q

unique structures of cardiac muscles

A

Desmosomes (strong velcro) keeping the intercalated discs together, Gap junctions sharing the electric potentials

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14
Q

What are the three layers of the heart wall

A

Epicardium (visceral layer), Myocardium (cardiac muscle, thickest layer), endocardium (internal surface of hear chambers)

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15
Q

What does the coronary sulcus do?

A

it separates the atria and the ventricles. Border

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16
Q

How many important arteries are there in the heart?

A

6

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17
Q

Characteristics of the left and right atria

A

thin walls, receiving chambers, auricle ear like extensions, seperated by interatrial septum, pectinate muscles (ridge like)

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18
Q

Characteristics of left and right ventricles

A

thick walls, separated by interventricular septum, pumping chambers, trabeculae carnie (internal ridges), papillary muscles connected to chorae tenineae (heart strings)

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19
Q

what does venous blood mean

A

poorly oxygenated

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20
Q

Where is the conus arteriosus

A

its the valve by the pulmonary trunk that looks like a butt

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21
Q

What are the parts of the conduction system?

A

Sinoatrial node(SA) (pacemaker. near right atrium), AV node(by the AV valve ), AV bundle (goes across pulminary valve and down the interventricular tissue), purkinje fibers (nerve like processes that travel up the ventricular myocardium).

22
Q

Where are the cario centers in the brain?

A

medulla oblongata

23
Q

What two nodes does the sympathetic cardiac nerves and vagus nerve interact with

A

SA node and AV node

24
Q

What is the cardiac cycle

A

one complete cycle of contraction and relaxation. Measured by an ECG. Two phases are systole (contraction) and diastole (relaxation).

25
Q

When will you have higher systolic pressure

A

after heart has contracted

26
Q

Mitral valve prolapse

A

a valve cusp lets blood flow back making the heart less efficient

27
Q

Valvular stenosis

A

cusps stiffen with scar tissue. it results in rheumatic fever

28
Q

which vessel is efferent?

A

arteries

29
Q

arteries

A

Efferent, resistance vessels (high pressure or low pressure)

29
Q

Veins

A

afferent, capacitance vessels (hold most of blodo)

30
Q

Capillaries

A

tiny vessels connecting small arteries to small veins

31
Q

What does the tunica media contain

A

muscles (vasoconstriction and vasodilation), elastin, collagen

32
Q

tunica externa

A

loose connective tissue anchoring it to it’s surroundings

33
Q

tunica interna

A

simple squamous endothelium, slick lining, selectively permeable

34
Q

which vessel has elastic lamina?

A

artery

35
Q

What are capillaries made of

A

two layers: endothelium and basement membrane

36
Q

Three categories of arteries

A

conducting (biggest), distributing (midsized), resistance (smalest)

37
Q

Receptors in the arteries

A

Baroreceptor (send signals to the vasomotor and cardiac center of brain. Respond to BP with change in vessel or heart rate), chemoreceptors (send signals to the respiratory centers of brain. pH, Co2, O2)

38
Q

Continuous capillary

A

small intercellular clefts present but mostly closed off

39
Q

Fenestrated capillaries

A

filtrated pores facilitating exchange throughout the wall

40
Q

sinusoid (discontinous capillary

A

irregular, wide gaps

41
Q

capillary exchange (things going in and out) methods.

A

FIltration (through the pores. Sodium, hydrogen, any ion), transcytosis (through the cell wall. Large hormone), Diffusion (gas exchange through endothelial cells), Intercellular clefts (glucose)

42
Q

How does blood switch from being efferent to afferent.?

A

capillary beds

43
Q

Functions of the lymphatic system

A

recover fluid lost from blood capillaries (lymphatic vessels), immunity, absorb lipids from small intestines

44
Q

What is lymph

A

colorless fluid. similar to plasma but without proteins. fluid from capillaries that is taken up by lymphatic vessels

45
Q

What is chyle?

A

lymph that comes from the intestine (high in fat)

46
Q

the top right section of the body brings lymp where?

A

right lymphatic duct. Everywhere else in the body it’s brougth to the thoracic duct.

47
Q

Peyer patches

A

lymphatic nodules in the ileum

48
Q

MALT

A

it’s in passages of respiratory, digestive, reproductive, and urinary tracts

49
Q

Function of spleen

A

highly vascular. Red pulp and white pulp. red blood cell graveyard cuz they lyse when they go through the small areas

50
Q
A

Anatomy (15 decks)

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