Ch 14

Question 1

Where does the Spinal cord end and what is it called?

Answer 1

Ends at L1 and L2 and we call it the Medullary cone (triangle at the end)

Question 2

What is cauda equina?

Answer 2

It is the bundles of fibers after the spinal cord. means horse tail.

Question 3

What is it called when the connective tissue forms together and anchor the spinal cord taught?

Answer 3

Terminal filum

Question 4

How many spinal nerves do we have on each side of the body?

Answer 4

31

Question 5

Why are there enlargements in your cervical and lumbar spinal cords?

Answer 5

They control the appendages

Question 6

What do grey matter refer to?

Answer 6

somas and dendrites. They make the horns in the cross section

Question 7

White matter

Answer 7

myelinated axons. Columns (funiculi) containing tracts (fasciculi)

Question 8

What is the dura mater in the vertebrae?

Answer 8

Membrane that envelops the archnoid mater (the blue stuff)

Question 9

Fat in epidural space

Answer 9

the fat directly inside the bone

Question 10

Subarachnoid space

Answer 10

the space within the blue (within the archnoid mater, dura mater, and epidural)

Question 11

Posterior gray horn

Answer 11

sensory neuron and interneuron

Question 12

Lateral gray horn

Answer 12

interneuron and visceral motor neuron

Question 13

Anterior gray horn

Answer 13

interneuron and somatic motor neuron

Question 14

Ascending tracts

Answer 14

carry sensory signal up the spinal cord. Three different neurons carry the signal. 1: Receptor to spinal cord/brainstem, 2: Spinal cord/brainstem to thalamus, 3: Thalamus to cerebral cortex

Question 15

Decussation happens where?

Answer 15

Where the second order neuron is

Question 16

Where is the first order neuron coming from?

Answer 16

The receptor

Question 17

The two neurons in descending tracts

Answer 17

Upper motor neuron: cerebral cortex/brainstem to spinal cord, Lower motor neuron: spinal cord to effector

Question 18

Afferent fibers

Answer 18

carry sensory signals from receptors to CNS. (affecting u)

Question 19

Efferent fibers

Answer 19

carry motor signals from CNS to effectors (ef you, leaving)

Question 20

Endoneurium Wrap

Answer 20

wraps one individual axon

Question 21

Perineurium

Answer 21

wraps a fascicle of axons

Question 22

Epineurium

Answer 22

wraps entire nerve.

Question 23

Dorsal root

Answer 23

Spinal nerve. Proximal branch. Sensory info. They have a cluster of cell bodies synapsing (called a ganglion)

Question 24

Ventral root

Answer 24

Proximal branch. motor info coming out

Question 25

Posterior ramus

Answer 25

Distal branch. ramus=arm. arm going to the back. Muscles in the back

Question 26

Anterior ramus

Answer 26

distal branch. much wider. helps to form plexus.

Question 27

Meningeal branch

Answer 27

distal branch. serves the maningeas

Question 28

Communicating rami

Answer 28

Distal branch. goes to sympathetic ganglion.