Ch 14 Flashcards
Where does the Spinal cord end and what is it called?
Ends at L1 and L2 and we call it the Medullary cone (triangle at the end)
What is cauda equina?
It is the bundles of fibers after the spinal cord. means horse tail.
What is it called when the connective tissue forms together and anchor the spinal cord taught?
Terminal filum
How many spinal nerves do we have on each side of the body?
31
Why are there enlargements in your cervical and lumbar spinal cords?
They control the appendages
What do grey matter refer to?
somas and dendrites. They make the horns in the cross section
White matter
myelinated axons. Columns (funiculi) containing tracts (fasciculi)
What is the dura mater in the vertebrae?
Membrane that envelops the archnoid mater (the blue stuff)
Fat in epidural space
the fat directly inside the bone
Subarachnoid space
the space within the blue (within the archnoid mater, dura mater, and epidural)
Posterior gray horn
sensory neuron and interneuron
Lateral gray horn
interneuron and visceral motor neuron
Anterior gray horn
interneuron and somatic motor neuron
Ascending tracts
carry sensory signal up the spinal cord. Three different neurons carry the signal. 1: Receptor to spinal cord/brainstem, 2: Spinal cord/brainstem to thalamus, 3: Thalamus to cerebral cortex
Decussation happens where?
Where the second order neuron is
Where is the first order neuron coming from?
The receptor
The two neurons in descending tracts
Upper motor neuron: cerebral cortex/brainstem to spinal cord, Lower motor neuron: spinal cord to effector
Afferent fibers
carry sensory signals from receptors to CNS. (affecting u)
Efferent fibers
carry motor signals from CNS to effectors (ef you, leaving)
Endoneurium Wrap
wraps one individual axon
Perineurium
wraps a fascicle of axons
Epineurium
wraps entire nerve.
Dorsal root
Spinal nerve. Proximal branch. Sensory info. They have a cluster of cell bodies synapsing (called a ganglion)
Ventral root
Proximal branch. motor info coming out
Posterior ramus
Distal branch. ramus=arm. arm going to the back. Muscles in the back
Anterior ramus
distal branch. much wider. helps to form plexus.
Meningeal branch
distal branch. serves the maningeas
Communicating rami
Distal branch. goes to sympathetic ganglion.
