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Sommelier > New World > Flashcards

New World Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

South African Producers

A 
Sadie Family Wines
Kanonkop
Meerlust
Hamilton Russell
Glenelly Estate
Rustenberg
Bouchard Finlayson
Klein Constantia
Buitenverwachting
Boekenhoutskloof
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2
Q

Pinotage parentage

A

Pinot Noir x Cinsault

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3
Q

Vin de Constance

A

South Africa’s famous sweet wine

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4
Q

South African Climate

A

Mediterranean but becomes cooler in the coastal region of Western Cape - where it is more continental

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5
Q

Where does most of the South African wine production occur?

A

Western Cape

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6
Q

Benguela Current

A

Flows North from Antarctica to South Africa’s Western Cape, creating cooling breezes in the coastal area

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7
Q

Cape Doctor

A

Is a notoriously strong southeasterly wind, blows across Western Cape in South Africa throughout the spring and summer, inhibiting fungal disease and moderating temperature - but also ferociously battering the vines

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8
Q

Wine of Origin (WO) System

A

Introduced in South Africa in 1973
The wine must:
-be an approved cultivar (75 authorized)
-must contain 85% of stated grape
-must contain 85% of stated vintage
-if blended, may list several grapes but each grape listed must compromise a minimum of 20% of the wine
-if an area of production appears on the label, 100% of the grapes must come from the stated area

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9
Q

South Africa’s Western Cape Climate is influenced by?

A

Benguela Current - flows north from Antarctica to cool the coastal areas
The Cape Doctor - southeasterly wind that blows across the Western Cape in the Spring and Summer

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10
Q

Principal WOs in South Africa’s Coastal Region

A

Paarl
Stellenbosch
Swartland
Cape Town (Constantia)

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11
Q

Cap Classique

A

Is South Africa’s term for Methode Traditionnelle Sparkling Wine, which requires a 2nd fermentation

  • requires a minimum of 9-months aging on Lee’s
  • in higher elevation vineyards: Stellenbosch and Tulbagh
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12
Q

Which South African WO is suitable for Sparkling wine

A

Stellenbosch and Tulbagh

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13
Q

Cultivar

A

South African term for grape variety

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14
Q

What are the 6 South Africa’s Geographic Units (GUs)

A
  1. Northern Cape
  2. Southern Cape
  3. Western Cape
  4. Kwazulu Natal
  5. Limpopo
  6. Free State
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15
Q

What percentage of New Zealand wines use screw caps?

A

~90% use screw caps

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16
Q

Best known region for Sauvignon Blanc in New Zealand

A

Marlborough, NZ

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17
Q

What is the minimum % of the stated grape variety in New Zealand?

A

85%

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18
Q

Famous producer for New Zealand Sauvignon Blanc

A

Cloudy Bay producer

From Marlborough, New Zealand

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19
Q

Which grape varieties is South Island in New Zealand known for

A

Sauvignon Blanc - in Marlborough

Pinot Noir - in Marlborough and Central Otega

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20
Q

New Zealand North Island regions

A

Auckland
Gisborne
Hawke’s Bay

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21
Q

New Zealand South Island regions

A

Nelson
Marlborough
Canterbury
Otago

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22
Q

Where do you find rain shadow effect

A

Alsace - Vosges Mountains
Washington - Cascade Mountains
New Zealand - Southern Alps to the West
Argentina - Andes Mountains

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23
Q

Rain Shadow Effect in New Zealand

A

Southern Alps protect the east coast from prevailing wet westerly winds creating drier conditions more favorable for grape growing

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24
Q

Screwcaps in New Zealand

A

New Zealand is the global leader in bottling wines under screw cap, also referred to as “Stelvin Closure”
~30% of wine globally is sealed under screwcap， that figure rises to more than 90% in New Zealand

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25
Q

New Zealand Sauvignon Blanc

A
  • is the most essential grape variety in NZ
  • 1st Sauvignon Blanc was produced in Auckland, Northern Island of NZ in 1974 by Rose Spence
  • 1st Marlborough plantings we’re established in 1975 and the first commercially available Sauvignon Blanc was made in 1979
  • in 2002, Sauvignon Blanc became NZs most widely planted grape variety
  • Hallmark of Sauvignon Blanc from Marlborough is it’s green-yet-ripe tropical fruit character, and typically has passion fruit or gooseberry like aromas and can also be described as herbaceous
  • these qualities are central to NZ distinctive Sauvignon Blanc style
  • the classic NZ Sauvignon Blanc offers intense aromatics, racy acidity and purity of fruit
  • these wines are typically fermented at cool temperatures in stainless steel
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26
Q

What is the most widely planted grape in New Zealand

A

Sauvignon Blanc

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27
Q

Most widely planted grape in Chile

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

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28
Q

Most widely planted grape in Argentina

A

Malbec

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29
Q

Which grape varieties is North Island New Zealand known for

A

Bordeaux varieties- in Hawks’ Bay
Chardonnay
Syrah

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30
Q

Where is Riesling typically grown in New Zealand

A

Central Otega, South Island - for its cooler climate

31
Q

New Zealand’s most planted red grape variety

A

Pinot Noir

32
Q 
Minimum %  for Varietal Labeling
Australia
New Zealand
South Africa
USA
USA Oregon Pinot Noir
Chile
A 
Australia 85%
New Zealand 85%
South Africa 85%
USA 75% and 95% for AVA labeling
USA Oregon Pinot Noir 90%
Chile 75% (however, many producers observe 85% to comply with EU standards)
33
Q

Australia’s most important Red wine grapes

A

Shiraz
Cabernet Sauvignon
Grenache
Pinot Noir

34
Q

Australia’s most important white wine grapes

A 
Chardonnay
Riesling
Semillon
Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Grigio
35
Q

United States first AVA approved

A

Augusta, Missouri in 1980

36
Q

Agency that regulates US Wine Industry

A

US Treasury Department - Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB)

37
Q

American Viticultural Area (AVA)

A

US appellation system

38
Q

Sonoma AVAs

A 
Alexander Valley
Chalk Hill
Dry Creek Valley
Los Carneros (shared with Napa)
Russian River Balley
Sonoma Coast
Sonoma Mountain
Sonoma Valley
39
Q

California sparkling wine producers

A 
Domaine Chandon - (parent: Moët et Chandon)
Roederer Estate (parent: Louis Roederer)
Domaine Carneros (parent: Taittinger)
40
Q

California Regions

A 
Mendocino  - northern most region
Sonoma - on the coast
Napa - is more inland
Santa Clara Valley
Santa Barbara
41
Q

California Pinot Noir

A

Merry Edwards producer - in Russian River Valley, Sonoma

Rhys producer - in Santa Cruz Mountains
Pisoni
Calera

42
Q

Merry Edwards

A

Merry Edwards in Russian River Valley - known for Pinot Noir and Sauvignon Blanc

43
Q

New York AVAs

A

Finger Lakes - largest and fastest growing
The Hamptons, LI
Hudson Valley

44
Q

State where winemaking started in the USA

A

NY

45
Q

Country where winemaking began on the American continent

A

Mexico in 1521

46
Q

2 important wine regions of Canada

A

Ontario and British Columbia

47
Q

United States 2nd AVA approved

A

Napa Valley AVA approved in 1981

48
Q

USA’s initial AVAs approved

A

Augusta, Missouri in 1980

Napa Valley, CA in 1981

49
Q

AVAs that overlap both Oregon and Washington

A

Columbia Valley overlaps both Oregon and Washington

- within Columbia Valley - have Columbia Gorge and Walla Walla Valley overlapping

50
Q

Oregon AVAs

A
  1. Columbia Valley (3 AVAs - including Walla Walla Valley)
  2. Willamette Valley (7 AVAs)
  3. Southern Oregon (6 AVAs)

16 AVAs in total in Oregon

51
Q

Washington AVAs

A
  1. Columbia Valley AVA - most AVAs within this one (including Horse Heaven Hills, Red Mountain, Walla Walla Valley)
  2. Puget Sound AVA

14 AVAs in total in Washington

52
Q

Washington Producers

A 
Quilceda Creek
Gramercy Cellars - in Walla Walla Valley 
Andrew Will
Woodward Canyon 
Long Shadows Vineyard 
Chateau St Michelle
Leonetti Cellar
53
Q

Oregon Producers

A

Willamette Producers:

  1. Domaine Serene
  2. Domaine Drouhin
  3. St. Innocent
  4. Eyrie Vineyards
  5. Adelsheim

Ponzi Producer

54
Q

Climate in Willamette Vallley in Oregon

A

Similar to that of Burgundy, FR in terms of rain

55
Q

Hamptons Wineries

A

Wolfer Winery

Channing Daughters

56
Q

Top California Cabernet Sauvignon Producers

A
  1. Stag’s Leap Wine Cellars - won the competition against Bordeaux 1st growths
  2. Robert Mondavi
  3. Chateau Montelena
  4. Harlan
  5. Heitz
  6. Dunn
57
Q

Top California “Meritage” Style Producers

A

Opus One
Cain Five
Rubicon

58
Q

Top California Rhone Style Producers

A 
Tablas Creek
Qupe
Bonny Doon
Alban
Failla
Gregory Graham
59
Q

Santa Barbara County AVAs

A

Santa Maria Valley

Sta Rita Hills

60
Q

Top California Pinot Noir Producers

A
  1. Merry Edwards
  2. Rhys
  3. Pisoni
  4. Calera
61
Q

Humboldt Current

A

Humboldt Current cools the coastline in Chile

62
Q

Zonda Wind

A

In Argentina

63
Q

Argentina’s most important region and grape of Argentina and a top producer

A

Mendoza
Malbec
Catena and Zuccardi producers

64
Q

Argentina’s unique white wine grape and where it’s grown

A

Torrontes in Salta Province

65
Q

Most important grape of Uruguay

A

Tannat grape - known as Harriague in Uruguay and named after Pascal harriague

66
Q

Chiles DOs

A

If labeled:

Costas or Andes - signifies a particular proximity of the vineyard to the coast or the mountains

Entre Cordilleras - between mountains, describes the valley areas between the coastal range and the Andes

67
Q

Chile’s Wine Regions (DOs)

A

Atacama
—copiapo
—huasco

Coquimbo
—enquirer
—limari
— choapa

Aconcagua
—Valle de Aconcagua
—Casablanca — important, ideal for Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay
—San Antonio

Valle Central
—Maipo — important, classic area for Cabernet Sauvignon and Bordeaux varieties 
—Rapel Valley
—Curico
—Maule Valley

Valle Sur

Austral

68
Q

Chiles 4 subregions of Valle Central

A 
Valle Central
—Maipo — important, classic area for Cabernet Sauvignon and Bordeaux varieties 
—Rapel Valley
—Curico
—Maule Valley
69
Q

What is unique about the Chile vines?

A

There are no cases of phylloxera thus-ungrafted vines

70
Q

Name the Bordeaux variety that is important in Chile

A

Cabernet Sauvignon - is Chiles most important red wine variety by far

71
Q

Chile’s Casablanca

A

Casablanca is a sub-region located in Aconcagua

Casablanca is ideal for Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay grape varieties

72
Q

Chile Wine Producers

A 
Los Vascos - Lafite Rothschild Winery
Almaviva - Chachetoro and Mouton Rothschild collaboration
Cousino Macul
Casa Lapostolle
Miguel Torres
73
Q

Zonda Wind

A

Zonda Wind in Argentina - is a wild springtime wind that blows constantly and can strip leafs off of wines, and the wines end up developing thicker skins and thicker stems so that they don’t blow away, this prevents fungal disease

74
Q

Who is credited with importanting European vinifera vines to California?

A

Agoston Haraszthy

Sommelier (27 decks)

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