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Sommelier > Italy > Flashcards

Italy Flashcards

1
Q

Denominazione Origine Controllata (DOC)

A
  • created in 1963, to provide much-needed structure and standards of production
  • based on the French DOC Laws
  • the regionals laws were established to define:
  • yields
  • grape varieties
  • geographical boundaries
  • viticultural and vindication techniques
  • alcohol levels
  • AGING REQUIREMENTS (not in French AOC Laws)

*There are 333 DOCs in Italy…and counting

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2
Q

Denominazione Di Origine Controllata e Garantita (DOCG)

A
  • first conceived in 1963, enacted in 1980
  • Garantita: wines must be approved by a government tasting panel on an annual basis
  • wines follow a stringent production criteria, including: Lower yields, higher planting density, longer aging and higher minimum alcohol levels
  • Golden Seal: wine bottles carry a golden seal label called FASCETTA or SIGILLO with an alphanumeric ensuring authenticity
  • Initially 3 appellations upgraded to DOCG:
    1. Brunello
    2. Barolo
    3. Vino Nobile Di Montepulciano

*Total of 75 DOCGs…and counting

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3
Q

Most planted grape in Italy

A

Sangiovese

This grape is allowed to be planted in all 20 regions of Italy

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4
Q

What’s the synonym for Nebbiolo in Gattinara DOCG and Ghemme DOCG

A

Spanna

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5
Q

Famous red grapes of Piedmont

A

Nebbiolo
Barbera
Dolcetto

White:
Arnais
Cortese - in Gavi
Moscato

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6
Q

Important white wine appellation of Piedmont

A

Gavi DOCG - cortese grape

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7
Q

Name 3 DOCGs in Piedmont where wines are produced from 100% Dolcetto

A

Dogliani DOCG

Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore DOCG

Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba DOCG

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8
Q

Roero DOCG

A

Located in Piedmont - opposite Barolo and Barbaresco

Dry White: from Arneis grape
Sparkling Wine: from Arneis grape
Dry Red: from Nebbiolo grape

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9
Q

Goria Laws

A

-Enacted in 1992 to address the shortcomings of the DOC system
-Introduction of the IGT to address the Vino da Tavola (VdT) issue
-

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10
Q

Classico

A

Best zone within a region

Is a wine produced in the most typical and renowned area of the appellation

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11
Q

Superiore

A

Is a wine having a percentage of alcohol by volume higher than the normal requirement for the appellation

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12
Q

Riserva

A

Is a wine that went through a longer aging process than the normal requirement for the appellation

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13
Q

Appassimento

A
  • the process of drying grapes to make wine
  • it’s carried out in Valpolicella, VENETO REGION on a much wider scale than anywhere else
  • it’s central to the unique style of Veneto’s wines: Valpolicella Ripasso and Amarone. It is the process of drying grapes in ventilated drying lodges (fruttai) over the winter months
  • losing around 30% of their water content, the sugars and flavor compounds in the grapes are concentrated. In addition, acidity decreases while RESVERATROL and Glycerin levels increase, lending balance, richness and a unique glossy texture to the wines
  1. Amarone - is made from the fermentation of these appassimento grapes and due to the concentrated sugars these wines can reach 15-17% ABV. This level of alcohol kills off the yeasts, leaving some unconverted sugars in the pomace (the residue from the grapes, including skins and pips)
  2. Recioto- is made in the same way but fermentation is stopped early, leaving plenty of remaining sugars for sweetness
  3. Valpolicella Ripasso -

Traditional Method: Quintarelli
Modern Style: Dal Forno Romano

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14
Q

Most planted grape in Piedmont

A

Barbera grape

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15
Q

Minimum Aging Requirements for:

  1. Barolo
  2. Barolo Riserva
  3. Barbaresco
  4. Barbaresco Riserva
  5. Brunello
  6. Brunello Riserva
A
  1. Barolo - 3 years (18 months wood aging)
  2. Barolo Riserva - 5 years (18 months wood aging)
  3. Barbaresco - 2 years (9 months wood aging)
  4. Barbaresco Riserva - 4 years (9 months wood aging)
  5. Brunello - 5 years (2 years wood aging)
  6. Brunello Riserva - 6 years (2 years wood aging)

Barolo and Barbaresco is 100% Nebbiolo and Brunello is 100% Sangiovese

The high tannins require the wine to age longer before being out on the market. Aging does more than just reduce tannins, it also changes the way the fruit flavors taste in a wine.

Barolo: 3 years or 38 months (2months harvest + 18 months in wood)

Barolo Riserva: 5 years or 62 months (2 months harvest + 18 months in wood)

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16
Q

DOCG for Arneis in Piedmont

A

Roero DOCG

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17
Q

Why does Nebbiolo grape have high tannins if it’s a thin skinned grape like Pinot Noir?

A

Nebbiolo goes through extended mace ration and spends longer in contact with the grape skins

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18
Q

Alta Langa DOCG

A

Alta Langa Metodo Classico is among the newest SOCGs in Piedmont, Northwest Italy

  • created in 2011
  • the title is the regions first to specialize in Sparkling White Wines made from Pinot Noir or Chardonnay using the Metodo Classico (Methode Traditionelle)
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19
Q

Synonym for Nebbiolo in Lombardy

A

Chiavennasca

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20
Q

Synonym for Nebbiolo in Gattinara DOCG and Ghemme DOCG in Piedmont

A

Spanna

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21
Q

Nebbiolo Synonyms

A

Piedmont (Gattinara DOCG & Ghemme DOCG) - Spanna

Lombardy (Valtellina Superiore DOCG) - Chiavennasca

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22
Q

Franciacorta Producer

A

Ca del Bosco

Belleuista

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23
Q

Name Italy’s first mandatory Metodo Tradizionale sparkling wine DOCG

A

Franciacorta DOCG in Lombardy
Franciacorta Saten: Blanc de Blanc from Chardonnay and Pinot Bianco made only Brut with
Atmospheres of Pressure: 5
Months on Lee’s: 24 months

Aging Requirements:

  • Minimum: 18 months on Lees (25 months total after harvest)
  • Millesimato (vintage): 30 months on Lees (37 months total after harvest)
  • Riserva: 60 months on Lees ( 67 months total after harvest)

Sparkling Wine in Champagne, France has a minimum of 12 months on Lees which is lower than in Italy.

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24
Q

Region of Italy where German Grapes are Common

A

Trentino Alto-Adige- Northernmost region of Italy with steep alpine valleys that is close to Germany. There are no DOCGs here BUT highest number of DOCs than any other regions

Whites Grapes: 
Pinot Grigio
Muller Thurgau 
Lerner
Gewurtraminer
Chardonnay 
Sauvignon Blanc

Red Grapes:
Teroldego,
Lagrein
Schiava

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25
Q

Grape of Prosecco

26
Q

Prosecco Region

A

Prosecco is from Veneto Region

27
Q

Prosecco

A 
Grape: Glera
Region: Veneto
DOCG:
Prosecco di Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG
Villages:
Conegliano
Valdobbiadene

2 versions: Frizzante and Spumante

Producers: Nino Franco Rustico

28
Q

Grapes of Valpolicella, Bardolino, and Amarone

A

All use Corvina grape

29
Q

Main grape of Soave

30
Q

Main grape of Valtellina

A

Chiavennasca (Nebbiolo)

31
Q

Lombardy DOCGs

A

Franciacorta DOCG
Valtellina Superiore DOCG
Plus 3 more

32
Q

Ripasso

A

“Re-passed” - is the traditional winemaking technique in VENETO

  • young Valpolicella is refermented over the pressed skins of a previous Amarone and/or Recioto fella Valpolicella wine
  • increases alcohol content and gives a dried fruit character to the finished wine
33
Q

Where would you find Ribolla Gialla grape?

A

Friuli-Venezia Giulia

34
Q

Lambrusco

A

Made from Lambrusco grape (red)

Can be Red and Rose Sparkling Wines

35
Q

Sangiovese Synonyms

A

Sangioveto
Prugnolo Gentile
Brunello - Sangiovese Grosso
Morellino di Scansano

36
Q

Tuscany 11 DOCGs

A
  1. Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
  2. Chianti DOCG
  3. Chianti Classico DOCG
  4. Morrellino di Scansano DOCG
  5. Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG
    Plus others
37
Q

Brunello di Montalcino Producers

A

Biondi-Santi
Lisini
Soldera
Banfi

38
Q

Super Tuscans

A

Sassicaia - Tenuta San Guido
- 85% Cabernet Sauvignon, 15% Cabernet Franc

Tignanello - Marchesi Antinori
- 85% Sangiovese, 10% Cabernet Sauvignon, 5% Cabernet Franc

Solaia - Marchesi Antinori
- 75% Cabernet Sauvignon, 20% Sangiovese, 5% Cabernet Franc

Ornellaia
- 60% Cabernet Sauvignon, 25% Merlot, Cabernet Franc and 3% Petit Verdot

La Pergole Torte - Montvertine
- 100% Sangiovese

39
Q

Zinfandel synonym in Southern Italy

A

Primitivo

Found in Puglia

40
Q

Marsala

A

Is in Sicily and it is a fortified wine used in cooking

41
Q

Taurasi DOCG

A 
Is in South Italy in Campania
Red Grape: Aglianico
Dry Red
Aging:
3 years aging with 1 year in wood
Riserva: 4 years aging with 18 months in woods
42
Q

Etna DOC in Sicily Grape

A

Rose and Red from: Nerello Mascalese is the principal grape variety for the reds in Etna

43
Q

Governo

A

Press the grape, then add fermented grape juice on top of the fermented pomus

44
Q

Name 1 DOC created to include Super Tuscans

A

Bolgheri DOC - Made the name for Sassicaia

45
Q

Primary grape of Chianti DOCG and Chianti Classico DOCG

A

Sangiovese

Chianti is located in Tuscany

46
Q

Top Chianti Producers

A

Marchesi Antinori
Felsina
Querciabella

47
Q

Primary Grape of Brunello di Montalcino DOCG

A

100% Sangiovese (referred to as Brunello)

Brunello: 5 years aging
Brunello Riserva: 6 years aging

Biondi-Santo- is the Traditional Brunello Producer
Banfi - is Modern Style Brunello Producer

48
Q

Primary Grape of Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG

A

Minimum 70% Prugnolo Gentile ( synonym for Sangiovese)

49
Q

Major difference between:
Montepulciano d’Abruzzo
Vino di Nobile Montepulciano

A

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo - Central Italy in Abruzzo region and the grape here is Montepulciano (red grape)
Vino di Nobile Montepulciano - is a place in Tuscany and the grape is Sangiovese

50
Q

Name 2 sub-regions within Chianti DOCG

A

Classico and Rufina

51
Q

Sangiovese DOCGs in Tuscany

A

Chianti DOCG: 70-100% Sangiovese
Chianti Classico DOCG: 80-100% Sangiovese
Brunello di Montepulciano DOCG: 100% Sangiovese
Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG: 70% Sangiovese (synonym here is Prugnolo Gentile)

52
Q

Vin Santo DOC

A

Dessert wine from passito
Grapes: White Grapes;:

Trebbiano di Tosca
Malvasia
Grechetto

Vin Sanyo DOC is in Tuscany

53
Q

Veneto Valpolicella

A

Valpolicella DOC -
Red from Corvina grape or it’s clone Corvinone

Other grapes include: Rondinella, Molinara

Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG

  • produced from bunches of dehydrated grapes (appassimento)
  • wine developed dry, has 14-16% alcohol and is intensely flavored

Other DOCs that use same grapes as Valpolicella DOC:
Bardolino DOC and Bardolino Superiore DOCG

Valpolicella Ripasso DOC:

  • re-passed is the traditional method in Veneto
  • young valpolicella is refermented over the pressed skins of a previous Amarone or Recioto della Valpolicella wine to increase the alcohol and a give a dried fruit character to the wine

Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG
- same as Amarone but sweet to semi sweet port-like wine without being fortified

54
Q

Campania

A

Taurasi DOCG
- Dry red primarily from Aglianico grape

Greco di Turo DOCG
- dry white primary from Greco White Grape

55
Q

Umbria

A

Sagrantino di Montefalco DOCG

  • both dry and sweet passito red from Sagrantino grape
  • minimum 12 months barrel aging

Torgiano DOC

Torgiano Rossi Riserva DOCG

Orvieto DOC
- Grechetto and Trebbiano White Grapes

56
Q

Styles of Orvieto Amabile and Muffato

A

Located in Orvieto DOC in Umbria

Grechetto and Trebbiano white grapes
Styles range from Dry to Sweet:

Orvieto Amabile - semi sweet wine
Muffa Nobile or Muffato - botrytized wine

57
Q

Vermentino di Gallura DOCG

A

White wine made from Vermentino White Grape

Located in Sardinia

58
Q

International Name of the Grape of Cannonanau di Sardegna DOC

A

Is dry sweet, Rose and Red from

Red grape - Cannonau or Grenache international name

DOC is located in Sardinia

59
Q

What is Italy’s first DOCG white wine?

A

Albana di Romania

60
Q

Aglianico del Volture

A

Red grape in Campania

61
Q

Reccioto

A

Sweeter style wine

Sommelier (27 decks)

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