Neurulation Flashcards
Where does neural plate folding start and end?
Starts near anterior somites
Progress towards head and tail ends
Ends at cranial neuropore then caudal neuropore
How do neural plate cells change in folding?
Actin and myosin contraction at apical end - apical constriction
Basal end unchanged
Acquire bottle-like shape
What is craniorachischisis
Anencephaly and spina bifida present
What is required for cell membrane ruffle formation in dorsal midline fusion and what does it do?
Rac1
Modulates actin
What is the effect of a Rac1 KO?
Neural tube closure failure
What is the effect of a caspase3 KO?
Impaired apoptosis - prevents breaking of connection between non-neural ectoderm and neuroectoderm on each side of neural plate - causes neural tube defect
Which cell type forms the PNS?
Neural crest cells
In which direction do neural crest cells migrate?
Dorsal to ventral
Which signal can mimic the inducing action of non-neural ectoderm to cause the formation of neural crest cells from neuroectoderm?
BMP4
Which signals cause neural crest cell induction and from which tissues are they released?
BMP - non-neuroectoderm
Wnt - mesoderm
Which signal causes the onset of neural crest specification and from which tissue is it released?
Wnt - mesoderm
Which signal causes neural crest cell migration and from which tissue is it released?
PCP - mesoderm
