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ANAT2008 > Axon Guidance > Flashcards

Axon Guidance Flashcards

1
Q

What is the receptor for slit?

A

Robo

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2
Q

What is the receptor for ephrins?

A

Eph

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3
Q

What is the receptor for semaphorins?

A

Plexins

Neuropilin and plexin complexes

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4
Q

What is the receptor for VEGF-A?

A

NRP1

VEGFR2

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5
Q

What is the effect of Robo and in which neuron type does this occur?

A

Growth cone repulsion

In spinal commissural neurons

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6
Q

What is the effect of ephrins?

A

Reverse signal - growth cone survival

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7
Q

What is the effect of Eph?

A

Forward signal - growth cone collapse

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8
Q

In which neuron type does Eph/ephrin signalling occur?

A

Spinal MNs

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9
Q

What is involved in the neuropilin and plexin complex that binds semaphorins?

A

NRP1/2

PLXNA1-4

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10
Q

What is the effect of semaphorins?

A

Growth cone repulsion

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11
Q

Which semaphorin binds PLXNB1 directly without neuropilin?

A

SEMA3E

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12
Q

What is the effect of SEMA3E binding to PLXNB1 without recruiting NRP1 and VEGFR2, and where does this occur?

A

Growth cone repulsion

In cortical axons

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13
Q

What is the effect of SEMA3E binding to PLXNB1 and recruiting NRP1 and VEGFR2, and where does this occur?

A

Axon growth

In subicular axons

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14
Q

Which other ligand can NRP1 bind, what is its effect, and where does this occur?

A

VEGF-A
Growth cone attraction and axon growth
In retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons

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15
Q

What is the effect of VEGF-A binding to VEGFR2 and where does this occur?

A

Growth cone attraction and axon growth

In commissural axons of spinal cord

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16
Q

Which receptor types does SEMA3A bind to and what are their effects?

A

Mainly Plxna4 - repel

Assisted by Plxna3 - slightly repel

17
Q

Which guidance cue and receptor control Drosophila midline crossing?

A

Slit/robo

18
Q

What is expressed by Drosophila midline glia?

A

Slit

19
Q

What is expressed by Drosophila non-crossing axons?

A

Robo

20
Q

What is the effect of the loss of function of Robo in Drosophila?

A

Axons recross midline

21
Q

What is the effect of a lack of Slit1/2/3 in mice?

A

Disorganised central commisure of spinal cord midline - all axons cross over at midline

22
Q

Where are slits not expressed in the mouse spinal cord?

A

Mouse chiasmatic midline

23
Q

Which guidance cue and receptor promote ipsilateral RGC projection?

A

Eph/ephrin

24
Q

Where is ephB1 expressed in mice?

A

Ventrotemporal crescent - where ipsilaterally-projecting neurons originate

25
Q

What is the effect of ephB1 KO in mice?

A

Loss of ipsilateral projection - loss of stereovision

26
Q

Where is ephrin B2 expressed?

A

Chiasm where axons cross

27
Q

What is the effect of ephrin B2 KO in mice?

A

Fewer ipsilateral projections

Embryonic lethal

28
Q

Name a marker for contralaterally-projecting RGCs

A

NRP1

29
Q

Name a marker for ipsilaterally-projecting RGCs

A

ZIC2

30
Q

What is the effect of Nrp1 KO in mice?

A

Defasciculation after crossing

Increased ipsilateral projections

31
Q

What is the negative signal to promote ipsilateral projection?

A

EphrinB2

32
Q

What is the positive signal to promote contralateral projection?

A

VEGF164

ANAT2008 (18 decks)

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