Neurotransmitters Flashcards
What are the main working units of the brain?
Neurons
3 main structures of neuron?
List in order of information flow
Dentrites
Soma
Axon
How do neurons talk to each other?
Chemical neurotransmitters
Nerve terminals are found at the end of ______ and release _____ into the ______.
Where can neurotransmitters bind?
Receptors that it can bind should be present on the postsynaptic membrane
The ___synaptic neuron releases a NT that binds to a receptor on the ___synaptic neuron.
Presynaptic
Postsynaptic
Where should NT be synthesized and stored?
Stored in vesicles
When does a NT get released from the presynaptic terminal?
Released into the synapse
What does a NT bind to once released into the synapse?
Postsynaptic receptors
Should there be a way to inactivate NT?
Autoreceptors
Reuptake
Uptake
Diffusion
Enzymatic degradation
What are the 2 main types of postsynaptic receptor?
Ionotopic
Metabotropic
Which kind of postsynaptic receptor controls ion flow through postsynaptic channels?
What kind of postsynaptic receptor uses 2nd messenger
(G protein coupled receptor) signaling?
Metabotropic
What are the 2 main classes of classical NT?
Excitatory
Inhibitory
What are 3 amino acid NT?
Receptors typically excitatory or inhibitory?
Glutamate- excitatory
GABA- inhibitory
glycine- Inhibitory
What are 3 monoamine NT?
Receptors typically excitatory or inhibitory?
Serotonin- excitatory
Dopamine- excitatory
Norepinephrine- excitatory
Acetylcholine- excitatory
Almost all monoamines use ______ receptors
Metabotropic
Acetylcholine is typically excitatory or inhibitory?
Excitatory
What happens when action potential arrives at presynaptic neuron?
What channels open?
it depolarizes –> voltage gated Ca channels open allowing for an influx of Ca
What happens when there is an influx of Ca into the presynaptic neuron due to depolarization?
Causes vesicles to fuse with Presynaptic membrane
Once a NT binds to postsynaptic ionotropic receptor,
what are the possible outcomes?
Structure of ionotropic receptors?
4-5 transmembrane domains per subunit
Structure of metabotropic receptors?
7 TMDs x 1 subunits
Mechanism of action of ionotropic/ligand gated recp?
Fast or slow?
Fast
Mechanism of action for metabotropic recp?
Fast or slow?
Slow
NMDA (subclass of glutamate) receptors, GABA receptors, and glycine receptors are types of ______ receptors.
Ionotropic
3 most common subunits of ionotropic GABA receptor?
Is there an ionotropic receptor for serotonin?
Yes
What are the major receptor subtypes for Dopamine?
What are the major receptor subtypes for NE and Epi?
What are the major receptor subtypes for Serotonin?
Do metabotropic receptors have long or short lasting effects?
Long
Can metabotropic receptors modulate the effects of ionotropic receptor activity?
Yes
