Cardio physiology Flashcards
4 important functions of the cardiovascular system?
Homeostasis,
delivery of nutrients,
removal of waste products,
be energetically efficient
How does the circulatory system help with homeostasis?
Helping to minimize changes in acid-base status, electrolyte concentrations,
osmolality, & temperature of cells
What is the primary method for dissolved substances to move across capillary walls into the interstitial space and then into the cell?
DIFFUSION
Is diffusion of substances fast or slow? Why?
Slow over short distances;
cells must be within 100 μm of capillary carrying blood
Is bulk flow fast or slow? in what vessels
Fast
Conduit vessels such as arteries and arterioles
The energy for diffusion is produced by?
Concentration differences
The energy for bulk flow is produced by?
Moves from high to low
What three things does the cardiovascular system consist of? Open or closed system?
Pump
Circuit
Fluid
Closed system
What molecules does the cardiovascular sys deliver?
Nutrients (O2, CHO, amino acids, fatty acids, lipids), vitamins, hormones, cytokines, immune cells, water, and heat
What metabolic waste products does the cardiovascular system remove?
CO2, L-lactate, urea, water, heat
How does viscosity affect hematocrit?
Higher viscosity increases hematocrit –> harder to pump
What molecules provide blood with buffering capacity?
Hemoglobin
Plasma proteins
Phosphorus
What was Claude Bernard (1865) known for?
Homeostasis
Main discovery of 1300?
The presence of a pulse was equated with the life force
What was Galen (ca 200) known for?
Stated that there were pores in the interventricular septum that helped carry the vital spirit
