Neuropath of Tumors I

Question 1

Name these Diffuse Astrocytomas

Grade II

Grade III

Grade IV

Answer 1

Diffuse Astrocytomas

Anaplastic Astrocytomas

Glioblastomas

Question 2

Grade II Astrocytomas Age of Onset Survival ___ Atypia ___ Mitosis Path shows _____

Answer 2

30 80 Months Yes Atypia, No Mitoses Angulations

Question 3

Grade III Anaplastic Astrocytomas Age of Onset Survival ___ Atypia ___ Mitosis

Answer 3

40 30 Months Yes Atypia, Yes Mitoses

Question 4

Grade IV Glioblastomas Age of Onset Survival ___ Atypia ___ Mitosis Path shows focal areas of ____ and ______ ____ which are infiltrating microvessels

Answer 4

40-55 14 Yes Atypia, Yes Mitoses necrosis; glomerular tufts

Question 5

Primary GBM tumors overexpress ____ in 60% of cases

Answer 5

EGFR

Question 6

Secondary GMB tumors (transformed from grades II/III) overexpress ___ and ___

Answer 6

p53; IDH1/2

Question 7

GBM tumors which overexpress ___ have a better prognosis

Answer 7

IDH1

Question 8

Diffuse Astrocytomas are not _____ therefore making them difficult to resect

Answer 8

Encapsulated

Question 9

Pliocytic Astrocytomas are separate from Diffuse Astrocytomas for three reasons 1) They ____ invade surrounding tissue 2) They ____ progress to anaplastic Grade III 3) Have a _____ prognosis

Answer 9

1) Don’t 2) Don’t 3) Better

Question 10

Genetics of Pliocytic Astrocytomas Gain on ____ which results in the tandem duplication of _____ and ______, producing a novel oncogene activating MAPK

Answer 10

7q34; BRAF; KIAA1549

Question 11

Pliocytic Astrocytoma Pathology Have a ____ architecture with a _____ and a ____ area.

Answer 11

biphasic; compact; spongy

Question 12

____ areas of the biphasic architecture of Pliocytic Astrocytoma show ______ granules (stain) _____ fibers may be present

Answer 12

Spongy; eosinophilic Rosenthal

Question 13

Oligodendrogliomas present in a _____ cellular pattern

Answer 13

diffuse

Question 14

Oligodendrogliomas all begin at Grade __ or higher

Answer 14

II

Question 15

Oligodendroglioma Path- show clear cytoplasm around the nucleus in a _____ ____ pattern (this is seen in normal oligodendrocytes but in much lower cellularity). The thin vessels supplying the tumor are called _____ ____

Answer 15

fried egg; chicken wire

Question 16

Oligodendroglioma genetics- LOH on chromosomes ___ and ___. This change indicates a _____ prognosis

Answer 16

1p; 19q favorable

Question 17

Ependymomas occur most commonly in ______ (demographic)

Answer 17

children and young adults

Question 18

Ependymomas occur most commonly in the ______ and the ____ ____ (location

Answer 18

4th ventricle; spinal cord

Question 19

Ependymoma path- Frequently, ________ are present with cells lining a ____. Rarely are true _____ seen around a ____.

Answer 19

pseudorosettes; vessel rosettes; hole

Question 20

All embroyonal tumors are Grade __

Answer 20

IV

Question 21

Medulloblastomas occur in _____ (demographic) in the _____ (location)

Answer 21

children, vermis of cerebellum

Question 22

Medulloblastomas can form discrete masses in the _ ______

Answer 22

4th ventricle

Question 23

Medulloblastomas arise from granular precursor cells in the ____ ____ _____

Answer 23

external granular layer

Question 24

This type of rosettes are found in Medulloblastomas and are a sign of ____

Answer 24

Homer Wright; neuronal differentiation

Question 25

_____ increases your risk of Schwannoma and patients often present with _____/____ Schwannoma

Answer 25

NF2; acoustic/vestibular

Question 26

Multiple neurofibromas are associated with ____

Answer 26

NF1

Question 27

50% of patients with NF2 will have

Answer 27

meningiomas

Question 28

Meningiomas arise from which cell type

Answer 28

arachnoid cells

Question 29

Meningioma path- Present in cellular shapes called _____; calcified _____ are called _____ _____

Answer 29

whorls; psammoma bodies

Question 30

The large majority of Meningiomas, Schwannomas, and Neurofibromas are Grade

Answer 30

I

Question 31

What are the two types of Neurofibromas? (where disease manifests)

Answer 31

Dermal and interneural

Question 32

Schwannomas _____ nerves while Neurofibromas _____ axons

Answer 32

displace; incorporate