Neuropath of CNS Infections II Flashcards
Primary Amebic encephalitis is typically caused by ____ _____ which like in ____ water
Naegleria Fowleri; warm
Primary Amebic encephalitis is a _______, _____ (onset) meningoencephalitis with hemorrhagic necrosis locating to the _____ lobe and the ______ _____
fulminant, acute; frontal; olfactory bulb
Primary Amebic encephalitis localizes to the __________ (space) and _______ ________ space
subarachnoid; Virchow-Robins
Cysticercosis is caused by ______ ____ (___ ___)
Taenia Solium (tape worm)
Cysticercosis creates small, slow growing ____ and the major clinical symptom are ______
cysts; seizures
______ is the most common hemilith CNS disease
Cysticercosis
Cysticercosis cysts cause an inflammatory reaction upon
death of the larvae
Cysticercosis infects the CNS through ___ -____ transmission
fecal-oral
What is the most common CNS fungal infection?
Cryptococcal Meningitis
What is the mechanism of cryptococcus infection?
Inhalation
What does cryptococcal meningitis show on pathology?
“Bubbles” with white spaces around the nucleus
Where does cryptococcal meningitis like to invade?
Virchow-Robins spaces
Due to the immunocompromised host, there is little ______ in cryptococcal meningitis
inflammation
Toxoplasma gondii infection occurs after contact with ___ ___
feline feces
Toxoplasma gondii can cause _________ _____ so _____ woman should handle cat feces with care
intrauterine infection; pregnant
Toxoplasmosis shows ____ _____ _____ ____ on path
ring-enhancing brain abscesses
The parasitic organisms for toxoplasma gondii can be ______ or contained in _______
free; cysts
What are the two cellular targets of HIV infection in the brain?
Microglial cells and macrophages
HIV encephalitis patients present with _____ ____ (symptom) due to the diffuse nature of the infection
cognitive impairment
______ _____ ______ (cell type) arise from the fusion of HIV infected ________ ______ (cell type)
Multinucleated giant cells; microglial cells
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy is caused by the
JC Virus
The JC virus affects _____ (cell type) and is a ______ disease
oligodendrocytes; demyelinating
In PML, macrophages look _____ and are filled with _____ _____
foamy; lipid vacuoles
In oligodendrocyte you see typical ______ ____ (pathology pattern)
intranuclear inclusions
PML path shows bizarre ______ (cell type)
astrocytes
PML diagnosis can be confirmed using this technique
in-situ hybridization
Prion diseases present very ______ (time course) and typically start with ____ (symptom). These can then evolve to _____ _____ (symptom)
rapidly; dementia; akinetic mutism
Prions are defined by their lack of _____ ____
nucleic acid
Misfolded prion proteins cause normal prion proteins to _____ then _____
misfold; aggregate
Kuru is caused by the consumption of ____ ____
human flesh
vCJD is specifically related to infection from ____ (source)
cattle
Iatrogenic CJD is caused by ____ implants or injection of ____ _____ ______
dural; human growth hormone
