Neurons

Question 1

What tasks does the brain perform?

Answer 1

• controls body temperature
• blood pressure
• heart rate
• breathing
• accepts information using various senses
• handles physical movement
• lets you think, dream, reason, and experience emotions

Question 2

Central Nervous System

Answer 2

An information-processing and control system that is made up of your brain, spinal cord, and peripheral.

Question 3

Neuroscience/Neurobiology

Answer 3

The scientific study of the brain and nervous system.

Question 4

Neurons function?

Answer 4

Gather and transmit electrochemical signals.

Question 5

Structure of a neuron consists of?

Answer 5

• cell body
• axon
• dendrites

Question 6

Function of cell body?

Answer 6

Contains all necessary components of a cell.

Question 7

Function of axon?

Answer 7

Carries the electrochemical message along the length of the cell.

Question 8

Function of dendrites?

Answer 8

Makes connections with other cells and allows the neuron to talk with other cells.

Question 9

Why do neurons have different shapes?

Answer 9

Neurons have different shapes depending on their function.

Question 10

Sensory neuron function?

Answer 10

Carries signals from the outer parts of your body into the central nervous system.

Question 11

Motor neuron function?

Answer 11

Carries signals from the central nervous system to the outer parts of the body.

Question 12

Interneuron function?

Answer 12

Connects various neurons within the brain and the spinal cord.

Question 13

Monosynaptic Reflex Pathway

Answer 13

Simplest type of neural pathway.

Question 14

Neural Nets

Answer 14

Individual neurons linked together that form a net around the entire brain.

Question 15

Ganglia

Answer 15

Localized collections of neuronal cell bodies that control sensory and motor functions.

Question 16

Instinctual Processes

Answer 16

The manner of concerning yourself with everyday business, rather than “thinking”.

Question 17

Nuclei

Answer 17

Centers of neuronal cell bodies that are specialized for particular functions.

Question 18

Vestibular System

Answer 18

Responsible for maintaining posture, balance, and spatial orientation (located in inner ear).

Question 19

Outside layer of cerebellum?

Answer 19

gray matter

Question 20

Inside layer of cerebellum?

Answer 20

white matter

Question 21

Folds in the brain?

Answer 21

Gyri

Question 22

Grooves in the brain?

Answer 22

Sulci

Question 23

What divides the cerebral cortex into various lobes?

Answer 23

Several large sulci.

Question 24

Interhemispheric Fissure

Answer 24

Separates the brain into left and right halves.

Question 25

Corpus Callosum & Anterior Commissure

Answer 25

Tracts of fibers that help lobes communicate.

Question 26

Cingulate Gyrus

Answer 26

Area between the groove and the corpus callosum.

Question 27

Parietal Lobe Function?

Answer 27

Recieves and processes all somatosensory input from the body.

Question 28

Frontal Lobe Function?

Answer 28

Motor skills and cognitive functions.

Question 29

Temporal Lobe Function?

Answer 29

Processes auditory information.

Question 30

Occipital Lobe Function?

Answer 30

Recieves and processes visual information.

Question 31

Homunculus

Answer 31

Connections that form a map of the body’s surface on the parietal lobe.

Question 32

Wernicke’s Area responsible for?

Answer 32

Language understanding.

Question 33

Damage to Wernicke’s Area causes?

Answer 33

Sensory Aphasia

Question 34

Precentral Gyrus

Answer 34

Motor center of the brain.

Question 35

Broca’s Area responsible for?

Answer 35

Processing language by controlling the muscles that make sound.

Question 36

Damage to Broca’s Area causes?

Answer 36

Motor Aphasia

Question 37

What does the Choroid Plexus produce?

Answer 37

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Question 38

Meninges

Answer 38

Series of tough membranes that protect organs from rubbing against the bones of the skull and spine.

Question 39

Ventricles

Answer 39

Series of cavities in the brain.

Question 40

Blood-Brain Barrier

Answer 40

Separates supply and cerebrospinal fluid.