endocrine system Flashcards
Growth Hormone (GH/HGH)
controls body size by increasing mitosis
Where is GH located?
the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
Antidiuretic Hormone/Vasopressin (ADH)
promotes water reabsorption by kidney tubules.
Where is ADH located?
the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
What increases ADH?
Trauma
What decreases ADH?
Alcohol & Diabetes Insipidus
Epinephrine
1) 80% of secretions from adrenal medulla.
2) target tissues include skeletal muscles, adipose tissue, and liver.
3) increases blood flow to vital organs, increased mental awareness, increased breathing rate and enlarged airway.
Where is Epinephrine located?
the adrenal medulla.
Estrogen
develops and maintains secondary sexual characteristics. (developed first half of menstral cycle)
Where is Estrogen located?
the ovaries.
Testosterone
primary sex hormone in men and is responsible for the development and characterization of sexual characteristics.
Where is Testosterone located?
Testes
FSH
follicle-stimulating hormone
Melatonin
1) suppresses/regulates gonadotropic hormones
2) controls sexual drive
3) delays puberty
4) may related to SAD (seasonal affective disorder)
5) sleep-wake cycle
Where is Melatonin located?
the pineal gland
Calcitonin
regulates calcium metabolism (vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption)
Where is Calcitonin located?
the thyroid gland
Parathormone (PTH)
regulates the amount of calcium and storage of calcium in bones and teeth.
Hypo PTH
hypocalcemia
Hyper PTH
hypercalcemia
Where is PTH located?
the parathyroid gland
Thymosin
stimulates the production of antibodies in early life by maturing the T-cells
Where is Thymosin located?
the thymus
Insulin
produced by the beta cells of the pancreas and functions to decrease blood sugar levels by stimulating the liver to convert glucose to glycogen.
Where is Insulin located?
the pancreas
