Neuron & Brain Structure Flashcards
The ____ NS is for fight or flight response
sympathetic
The ____ NS is for rest & digest response
parasympathetic
The brain has about _____ neurons
100 billion
nuclei are in the ____ NS and ganglia are in the ____ NS.
nuclei = central ganglia = peripheral
______ produce myelin in the PNS
Schwann cells
What does the axon hillock do?
interprets excitatory/inhibitory input & decides whether or not to fire
What is the difference between a pyramidal nerve cell and a purkinje nerve cell?
Purkinje is more complex/intelligent – compares what you want to do with what you’re actually doing and adjusts accordingly
_______ produce myelin in the CNS.
oligodendrocytes
What do astrocytes do?
form scar tissue after injury, maintain BBB.
What do ependymal cells do?
produce/circulate/monitor CSF
what do microglia do?
remove cell debris and waste
Satellite and Schwann cells are part of the ____ NS
peripheral
Oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, ependymal cells and microglia are part of the ____ NS
central
The cerebral ____ consists of grey matter and the cerebral ____ consists of white matter
cortex, medulla
white matter is white because it is made of _____ ____
myelinated axons
Where is the longitudinal fissure?
in between the R and L lobes
_____ fibers are interhemispheric and _____ fibers are intrahemispheric
commissural, association
What is the corpus callosum?
the major interhemispheric connection
What happens if you have disease/trauma in your cerebellum? (ie. cerebellar ataxia)
Lack of balance/coordination, tremor
What are the three parts of the cerebellum?
Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
What does the thalamus do? What does the hypothalamus do?
thalamus relays sensory info (except for sense of smell)
hypothalamus maintains homeostasis in the body
Where is the RAS? What does it do?
in the brainstem, maintains consciousness and cortex arousal
What vital structures are in the brainstem?
those for heart rate & breath & swallowing/gag reflex
What is damaged in Parkinson’s disease?
the substantia nigra
What happens if the red nucleus is uninhibited?
Your motor system locks up, crossing arms
What is the pons? which CN’s are attached?
the bridge between the cerebrum and cerebellum – 5678
What is the medulla oblongata? which CN’s are attached?
cardio-resperatory regulation, 9 10 11 12
the ventricles of the brain are filled with ____
CSF
what is the circle of willis?
in the center of the brain, a circle of blood vessels that allows for max. brain tissue blood supply in the event of a blockage
