Blood & Lymph Systems Flashcards
What is wrong with someone if they are hypervolemic or hypovolemic?
Hyper = too much blood Hypo = not enough blood
How much blood is in the avg male/female?
Male = 5-6 L Female = 4-5 L
What is the avg pH of blood?
7.35-7.45
What is the temperature of blood?
38C
What happens to red BC’s during development?
Intracellular structures (ie. nucleus) are ejected from the cell
What is responsible for blood clotting?
Platelets
Continuous capillaries go ____ the heart and fenestrated capillaries go ____ the heart.
away from, towards
What are the three layers of vessel walls?
Tunica interna, tunica media, tunica externa
Which is the thickest layer of the vessel wall?
Tunica media
Do we have control over the diameter of arteries or veins?
Arteries
What is the benefit of fenestrated capillaries?
The pores allow us to draw in things from our cells & into the blood stream
What is the purpose of elastic arteries?
They are the largest, and even out pressure surges, making the movement of blood flow constant/consistent
What is the purpose of muscular arteries?
they distribute blood to skeletal muscles, vasoconstrict and vasodilate
What is the purpose of arterioles?
Delivering blood to capillaries
What is the purpose of capillaries?
Connecting arterioles and venules
In medium/large veins, which layer is the thickest?
Tunica externa
Off of the aortic arch stems the ______ and ______ arteries.
R/L subclavian and R/L common carotid
The subclavian artery turns into the ____ artery at the first rib.
axillary
the ____ ____ artery goes into the brain, while the ____ ____ artery goes to the face and neck.
internal carotid, external carotid
The internal thoracic artery goes to the ____
breasts
the external iliac artery becomes the _____ artery at the inguinal ligament.
femoral
The deep brachial arteryis posterior and the artery is anterior to the ____ bone.
humerus
the ____ ____ vein goes into the brain, while the ____ ___ vein goes to the outside of the skull
internal jugular, external jugular
The ______ vein is on the medial side of the arm and the _____ vein is on the lateral side of the arm
basilic, cephalic
Lymph flows (actively/passively) and blood flows (actively/passively)
passively, actively
What is the function of the lymphatic system?
immune response
The ____ lymphatic duct drains the upper right corner of the body, while the ____ lymphatic duct drains the rest of the body
right, left
What is the difference between B- and T- lymphocytes?
B-lymphocytes produce antibodies targeted to destroy specific antigens, while T-lymphocytes themselves destroy pathogens.
What are Natural Killer (NK) cells?
they are for surveillance, circulating through peripheral tissue
What do secondary lymphatic structures do?
they initiate the immune response
Where do T-lymphocytes come from?
the thymus gland
What does the spleen do.
filters abnormal blood cells out, stores iron
