Neuron and Glial Cell Morphology

Question 1

what cells are principal neurons

Answer 1

retinal ganglion cells

Question 2

what cells are interneurons

Answer 2

bipolar cells, amercing cells

Question 3

principal neuron or interneuron:

-generally larger

Answer 3

principal neuron

Question 4

principal neuron or interneuron:

-send an axon out of the immediate area

Answer 4

principal neuron

Question 5

principal neuron or interneuron:

-may not even have an axon

Answer 5

interneuron

Question 6

principal neuron or interneuron:

-usually farther than 1mm

Answer 6

principal neuron

Question 7

principal neuron or interneuron:

-may also be called intrinsic neurons or short-axon cells

Answer 7

interneurons

Question 8

____ neurons have a cell body in the CNS and an axon in the PNS

Answer 8

motor neurons

Question 9

what part of the neuron is the metabolic source for cell activity

Answer 9

cell body (soma, perikaryon)

Question 10

how can the cell body of the neuron vary in size

Answer 10

size varies with number of dendrites or length and diameter of the axon

Question 11

part of the neuron that are extensions of the cell body, with the same membrane and organelles

Answer 11

dendrites

shaft, spines, specialized synaptic structures

Question 12

how can shape and number of dendrites vary in a neuron

Answer 12

shape and number characteristic of each type of neuron

-shape determines number of synaptic sites, physiological properties

Question 13

___ cells are peripheral myelin

Answer 13

schwann

Question 14

____ cells are peripheral ganglia

Answer 14

satellite

Question 15

______ cells are central myelin

Answer 15

oligodendrocytes

Question 16

___ schwann cell(s) per segment of myelin

Answer 16

1

Question 17

satellite cell’s role is to

Answer 17

form protective layer around neurons in ganglia

Question 18

one oligodendrocyte forms ___ segments around nearby axons

Answer 18

2-50

Question 19

astrocytes are found in

Answer 19

central gray and white matter (throughout CNS)

Question 20

functions of astrocytes

Answer 20

• surrounds and separates all parts of neurons

- covers blood vessels

Question 21

____ astrocytes in white matter

Answer 21

fibrous

Question 22

_____ astrocytes in gray matter

Answer 22

protoplasmic

Question 23

location and function of microglia

Answer 23

• central gray and white matter

- very small, thought to be phagocytic

Question 24

examples of specialized glia

Answer 24

ependymal cells, Muller cells

Question 25

ependymal cells line:

Answer 25

ventricular surfaces

Question 26

Muller cells function like

Answer 26

astrocytes

Question 27

where are Muller cells

Answer 27

transverse the depth of the retina