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Neurophysio > Development of the Nervous System > Flashcards

Development of the Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

what NS is the formation of the neural plate involved with

A

CNS

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2
Q

neural plate folds and forms the:

A

neural groove

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3
Q

neural groove pinches off and forms the:

A

neural tube

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4
Q

the neural crest and its derivative will form what NS

A

PNS

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5
Q

cells from crest of each neural fold will dissociate to form:

A

neural crest cells

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6
Q

spinal cord development (alar and basal plates) form in which week of development

A

4th

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7
Q

spinal cord development begins with the formation of the _______ in the lateral wall of the neural tube

A

formation sulcus limitans (a longitudinal groove) in the lateral wall of the neural tube

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8
Q

dorsal half forms _____ plate

A

alar

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9
Q

ventral half forms _____ plate

A

basal

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10
Q

alar plate will give rise to ______ neurons

A

sensory

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11
Q

basal plate will give rise to ______ neurons

A

motor

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12
Q

dorsal side of the spinal cord becomes the ____ surface

A

posterior

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13
Q

sensory neurons are located ______ in the spinal cord

A

posteriorly

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14
Q

in the 4th week, development of what 3 primary vesicles occurs?

A
  • prosencephalon (forebrain)
  • mesencephalon (midbrain)
  • rhombencephalon (hindbrain)
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15
Q

during week 5, primary vesicle prosencephalon (forebrain) develops into what secondary vesicles

A
  • telencephalon (cerebral cortex, basal ganglia)

- diencephalon (thalamus, hypothalamus, retina)

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16
Q

during week 5, primary vesicle rhombencephalon (hindbrain) develops into what secondary vesicles

A
  • metencephalon (pons, cerebellum)

- myelencephalon (medulla)

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17
Q

the midbrain is formed by what primary vesicle?

A

mesencephalon

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18
Q

cervical flexure is between what 2 structures?

A

between rhombencephalon and spinal cord

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19
Q

where does the cephalic flexure occur?

A

at future midbrain

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20
Q

pontine flexure develops between what 2 structures?

A

myelemcephalon and metencephalon

21
Q

what is the pontine flexure important for?

A

the differentiation between the spinal cord and the brain stem

22
Q

pontine flexure develops on what aspect of the neural tube

A

dorsal aspect

23
Q

in the adult brainstem, sensory nuclei are located _____ (laterally/medially)

A

laterally

24
Q

in the adult brainstem, motor nuclei are located _____ (laterally/medially)

A

medially

25
Q

during week 4, the optic vesicle is invaginated from the ______

A

prosencephalon

26
Q

outer layer of optic cup forms

A

retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)

27
Q

inner layer of optic cup forms

A

neural retina

28
Q

the hyaloid artery is an embryological structure with what function?

A

primary vitreous that feeds internal structures

29
Q

the secondary vitreous is considered the

A

adult vitreous

30
Q

neocortex accounts for ___ % of total cortical area in humans

A

90%

31
Q

neocortex evolves into a ___ layer structure

A

6

32
Q

what neocortical neuron is most numerous

A

pyramidal cell

33
Q

apical dendrite and basal dendrite locations on the pyramidal cells

A 
apical dendrite (top)
basal dendrites (base)
34
Q

principal output neurons of neocortex

A

pyramidal

35
Q

non-pyramidal cells in the neocortex have what features?

A
  • small
  • multipolar stellate/granule cells
  • short axons (remain within cortex)
  • principal interneurons
36
Q

ventricular/ subventricular zone is called the

A

germinal zone

37
Q

region where neurons are born

A

germinal zone

38
Q

region that becomes the ependymal lining of the ventricle

A

germinal zone

39
Q

zone of migration that becomes white matter is the

A

intermediate zone

40
Q

outer zone of processes that becomes cortical layer 1 at pia surface is the

A

marginal zone

41
Q

cortical plate spans what layers

A

2-6 (grey matter)

42
Q

zone of mature neurons is the

A

cortical plate

43
Q

what zone is always on top (surface of the brain)

A

marginal zone

44
Q

2 ways for cerebellum development

A
  1. purkinje cells

2. granule interneurons

45
Q

cerebellum development: what cells develop the same as the cortex (born in granular layer and migrate up towards surface)

A

purkinje cells

46
Q

cerebellum development: what cells divide on surface and migrate inwards

A

granule interneurons

47
Q

glial cells that guide neuronal migration for cerebrum

A

radial glia

48
Q

glial cells that guide neuronal migration for cerebellum

A

bergman glia

Neurophysio (17 decks)

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