Neuromuscular Muscle System Flashcards
What are the four big picture functions of the nervous system?
- Control of internal environment
- voluntary control of movement
- spinal cord reflexes
- assimilation of experiences necessary for memory and learning
The nervous system is organized into what two parts?
central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS)
The central nervous system (CNS) primarily consists of:
brain and spinal cord
What are the two divisions of the peripheral nervous system?
sensory division (incoming) and motor division (outgoing)
which division of the peripheral nervous system uses afferent fibers to transmit impulses from receptors to CNS?
sensory division (incoming)
which division of the peripheral nervous system uses efferent fibers to transmit impulses from CNS to effector organs?
motor division (outgoing)
in the motor division of the PNS, which nervous system is voluntary to skeletal muscles and which is involuntary?
somatic: voluntary, to skeletal muscles
autonomic: involuntary
What is somatic sensory?
sensory input that is consciously perceived from receptors (e.g., eyes, ears, skin)
What is visceral sensory?
sensory input that is not consciously perceived from receptors of blood vessels and internal organs (e.g., heart)
The somatic and visceral sensory systems are a part of which nervous system?
sensory nervous system
What does the sensory nervous system do?
detects stimuli and transmits information from receptors to the CNS
What is somatic motor?
motor output that is consciously or voluntarily controlled; effector is skeletal muscle
what is autonomic motor?
motor output that is not consciously or is involuntarily controlled; effectors are cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands
somatic motor and autonomic motor are part of which nervous system?
motor nervous system
what does the motor nervous system do?
initiates and transmits information from the CNS to effectors
What is the basic functional unit of the nervous system?
neuron
What are the three primary regions of a neuron?
cell body (soma
dendrites
axon
What structure in the neuron contains the nucleus?
cell body
What structure in the neuron conducts impulses toward the cell body?
dendrites
What structure in the neuron carries electrical impulses away from the cell body?
axon
Axons may be covered by what?
schwann cells
What structure of a neuron has end branches, terminal, and neurotransmitters?
axon
The ability of a neuron to respond to a stimulus and trigger a neural impulse is called:
irritability
the ability of a neuron to transmit the impulse along the axon is called:
conductivity