Cardiovascular Flashcards
Cardiovascular system works with:
pulmonary system
Purpose of cardiovascular system:
- Transport O2 and nutrients to tissues
- Removal of CO2 and other waste products
- Regulation of body temp
- Transportation of hormones
Blood is very good at transporting heat; it helps remove heat from body during:
exercise
The heart creates pressure to pump:
blood
Arteries carry blood away from the:
heart
Arterioles are small arteries capable of:
constricting/changing their size to affect blood flow
Capillaries exchange O2, CO2 and nutrients with:
tissues
Venules are small veins with:
slight elasticity
Veins carry blood toward the:
heart
Structure of the heart:
4 chambers; right and left atriums; right and left ventricles; 4 valves
The right and left atriums receive:
blood
Right and left ventricles push ___ out
blood
What are the four valves of the heart?
R and L AV valves, R and L semilunar valves
semilunar valves open when:
pressure increases on one side of the valve
Semilunar valves are:
one-way
Major vessels of the heart:
- inferior and superior vena cava
- pulmonary artery
- aortic artery
Pulmonary Circuit:
-right side of the heart (collects deoxygenated blood from the body)
- pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs via pulmonary arteries
- returns oxygenated blood to the left side of the heart via pulmonary veins
Systemic Circuit:
- Left side of the heart (brings oxygenated blood from lungs and gives it to the body)
- pumps oxygenated blood to the whole body via arteries
- returns deoxygenated blood to the right side of the heart via veins
Pulmonary circulation:
pumps deoxygenated blood from body to lungs;
RA > AV valve > RV > pulmonary valve > pulmonary arteries > lungs > pulmonary valve > LA
Systemic circulation:
pumps oxygenated blood from lungs to body;
LA > mitral valve > LV > aortic valve > aorta > body > superior, inferior vena cava > RA
Myocardium is the:
heart wall; 3 layers
What are the three layers of the myocardium?
- epicardium (outside)
- myocardium (performs contractions)
- endocardium (inner layer of protection, smooth layer for blood to move)
Coronary arteries supply:
blood to heart
Myocardial Infarction (heart attack) happens when:
blockage in coronary blood flow results in cell damage