Concept Check Questions Flashcards
What is the name of the substrate that enters the Krebs (citric acid cycle)? Name the end products
Acetyl CoA enters, end products: water, CO2, NADH, H+, FADH2, GTP
True/False, Pulmonary arteries carry oxygenated blood, and pulmonary veins carry deoxygenated blood.
False, pulmonary arteries are the only arteries in the body that carry deoxygenated blood.
What are the three ways CO2 is transported in the blood?
- dissolved in plasma (10%)
- bound to Hb (20%)
- bicarbonate (70%)
In the ECG photo below, what does the T-wave represent in the cardiac cycle?
ventricular repolarization
Name the two factors that influence cardiac output
stroke volume and HR
name the end products of glycolysis
2 pyruvate, 2 or 3 ATP (2 for starting with glucose, 3 for starting with glycogen), 2 NADH
define vital capacity
max amount of gas that can be expired after a max respiration
describe the difference between hemoglobin and myoglobin
Myoglobin shuttles O2 from the cell membrane to the mitochondria (muscle), hemoglobin shuttles O2 around the blood
describe the pathway of the electrical events that occur during a normal heart contraction
SA node initiates depolarization, AV node passes depolarization to ventricles, bundle branches connect atria to left and right ventricle, purkinje fibers spread wave of depolarization throughout ventricles
Map the blood flow of pulmonary circulation starting with the right atrium
RA > AV valve > RV > pulmonary valve > pulmonary arteries > lungs > pulmonary veins > LA
In your own words, describe the mechanical process of inspiration
muscles increase volume of thoracic cavity, decreasing lung pressure, which causes air to move from atmosphere into lungs
What is tidal volume (Vt)
volume of air inhaled or exhaled in a single breath
Draw and explain the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve. What happens to the curve if temperature increases?
if temp increases, the graph will experience a right shift
Explain a-v O2 difference
the difference between arterial and venous O2
