Neurology 3 Flashcards
how many cranial nerves ?
12
pneumonic for cranial nerves ?
- OLFACTORY = only
- OPTIC = one
- OCULOMOTTOR= of
- TROCHLEAR = the
- TRIGEMINAL = two
- ABDUCENS = athletes
- FACIAL = felt
- VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR = very
- GLOSSOPHARENGYL = good
- VAGUS = victorious
- ACCESSORY = and
- HYPOGLOSSAL = healthy
which 2 nerves are directly form the cerebrum?
optic and olfactory
what do the remaining 10 arrise from ?
brain stem
what are the 3 foramen that we should know about ?
foramen rotundum = maxilla nerve exits
foramen ovale = mandibular nerve exits
internal acoustic meatus = facial nerve exits
what types of functions can the cranial nerves have ?
- sensory, motor or both :
SOME = olfactory = smell
SAY = optic = sight
MARRY = occlulomotor = eye movement and pupil dilation
MONEY = trochlear = superior oblique muscle in eye
BUT = trigeminal = dental
MY = abducens = lateral rectus muscle to do with eye
BROTHER = facial = dental
SAYS = vesitbulocochlear = hearing and balancing
BIG = glossopharengyl = sensation to posterior 1/3 tongue and taste, and ear
BRAINS = vagus = ear, larynx and pharynx, thoracic, taste in epiglottis part of tongue, GIT
MATTER = accessory = Sternoclidoial mastcoid muscle, neck, shoulders
MOST = hypoglossal = intrinsic and extrinsic muscle soft tongue
What does GSS stand for?
GSS stands for general somatic sensory, which receives sensory information from the skin, skeletal muscles, and joints.
What does GVS stand for?
GVS stands for general visceral sensory, which receives sensory information from the viscera (organs).
What does SSS stand for?
SSS stands for special somatic sensory, which receives sensory information from the ectodermal retina, cochlear, and vestibular apparatus.
What does SVS stand for?
SVS stands for special visceral sensory, which receives sensory information from the endodermal nose and tongue.
What does GSM stand for?
GSM stands for general somatic motor, which provides motor innervation to skeletal muscles.
What does GVM stand for?
GVM stands for general visceral motor, which provides secretomotor function to smooth muscle and glands.
What does SVM stand for?
SVM stands for special visceral motor, which provides motor innervation to skeletal muscles of the pharyngeal arches.
how do we test cranial nerve 1 ?
how to test cranial nerve 2?
- would refer if theres issues
what are the 3 cranial nerves that cause movement in eye
3rd (occulomotor) 4th (trochlear) 5th (abducens)
what is oculomotor responsible for ?
what is trochlear responsible for ?
- therefore issues with this nerve can cause blurry or double vision
what is abducens responsible for ?
how do we test all 3 nerves responsible for eye movement ?
move pen in h shape ask pt to follow
what are the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve ?
ophthalmic
maxillary
mandibular = has motor fibres
what is trigeminal ophthalmic nerve responsible for ?
what is the maxillary branch responsible for ?
what is the mandibular branch responsible for ?
how do we clinically assess the trigeminal nerve?
sensory supply = cotton wool and sharp point on different branches
motor supply = muscles of mastication
what is trigeminal neuralgia ?
- painful nerve malfunction in trigeminal nerve
what is the facial nerve?
what are the branches of the facial nerve?
taste sensation
what can happen when theres damage to facial nerve ?
what is one big LA complication?
- facial paralysis
- when you can accidentally inject facial nerve by injecting into parotid gland when doing IAN block
- can wear off
- can give pt eyedrops or patch to prevent eye from getting dry as eyes can be affected
what is the vestibulocochlear nerve responsible for?
- sensory = hearing and balance
what is the glossopharengyl responsible for ?
- if gag reflex isn’t present = damage to glossopharengyl nerve or vagus nerve
- to test glossopharengyl = to check symmetry of upper palate
- uvula and tongue should be in midline position
